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Basic Hardware Components

This document defines and describes the basic hardware components of a computer system. It includes explanations of the central processing unit (CPU), case, processor, keyboard, mouse, memory, speakers, power supply, video card, modem, motherboard, hard drive, network card, sound card, headphones, and web cameras. Each component's role and function within the computer is briefly outlined.

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Rosevel C. Iligan
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61 views17 pages

Basic Hardware Components

This document defines and describes the basic hardware components of a computer system. It includes explanations of the central processing unit (CPU), case, processor, keyboard, mouse, memory, speakers, power supply, video card, modem, motherboard, hard drive, network card, sound card, headphones, and web cameras. Each component's role and function within the computer is briefly outlined.

Uploaded by

Rosevel C. Iligan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basic hardware components

• By: Elysa Mae Lindanganon Palmagil


Cpu fun
• Cpu fun-The role of the computer fan is to pull
cooler air into the computer to cool the hot circuitry,
particularly the CPU. In a desktop the fan is typically
a part of the power supply and draws air through it,
helping to keep that part of the computer cool.
case

• Case-A particular case is a


particular situation or incident,
especially one that you are using
as an individual example or
instance of something. ... If you
say that someone is a sad case
or a hopeless case, you mean
that they are in a sad situation
or a hopeless situation.
Processor
• Processor-A processor, or
"microprocessor," is a small chip
that resides in computers and
other electronic devices. Its basic
job is to receive input and provide
the appropriate output. ...
Processors that include two cores
are called dual-core processors,
while those with four cores are
called quad-core processors.
keyboard • Keyboard-A computer keyboard is one of
the primary input devices used with a
computer. Similar to an electric
typewriter, a keyboard is composed of
buttons that create letters, numbers,
and symbols, as well as perform other
functions. The following sections provide
more in-depth information and answers
to some of the more frequently asked
questions about the keyboard.
mouse
• Mouse-A computer mouse (plural mice or mouses) is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion
relative to a surface. This motion is typically translated into the motion of a pointer on a display, which allows a smooth control of
the graphical user interface. The first public demonstration of a mouse controlling a computer system was in 1968. Originally wired
to a computer, many modern mice are cordless, relying on short-range radio communication with the connected system.
memory
• Memory-Memory refers to the processes that are used to acquire,
store, retain, and later retrieve information. There are three major
processes involved in memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Human memory involves the ability to both preserve and recover
information we have learned or experienced.
speaker

• Speaker-Speakers. ...
Regardless of their design, the
purpose of speakers is to
produce audio output that can
be heard by the listener.
Speakers are transducers that
convert electromagnetic waves
into sound waves. The
speakers receive audio input
from a device such as a
computer or an audio receiver.
Power supply
• Power supply-A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load. The
primary function of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency
to power the load. As a result, power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters. Some power supplies
are separate standalone pieces of equipment, while others are built into the load appliances that they power. Examples of the
latter include power supplies found in desktop computers and consumer electronics devices. Other functions that power
supplies may perform include limiting the current drawn by the load to safe levels, shutting off the current in the event of an
electrical fault, power conditioning to prevent electronic noise or voltage surges on the input from reaching the load, power-
factor correction, and storing energy so it can continue to power the load in the event of a temporary interruption in the
source power (uninterruptible power supply).
Video card
• Video card-A video card connects to the
motherboard of a computer system and generates
output images to display. Video cards are also
referred to as graphics cards. Video cards include a
processing unit, memory, a cooling mechanism and
connections to a display device.
modem

• Modem-A modem (a portmanteau of modulator-


demodulator) is a hardware device that converts
data into a format suitable for a transmission
medium so that it can be transmitted from one
computer to another (historically along telephone
wires).
Motherboard

• Motherboard-A motherboard is
one of the most essential parts
of a computer system. It holds
together many of the crucial
components of a computer,
including the central processing
unit (CPU), memory and
connectors for input and output
devices.
Hard drive
• Hard drive-A hard disk drive (sometimes abbreviated as hard drive,
HD, or HDD) is a non-volatile memory hardware device that
permanently stores and retrieves data on a computer. ... All
computers have a hard drive installed in them, which is used to store
files for the operating system, software programs, and a user's
personal files.
Network card

• Network card-A Network interface card


(also known as a NIC, network card, or
network interface controller) is an
electronic device that connects a computer
to a computer network, usually a LAN. It is
considered a piece of computer hardware.
Sound card

• Sound card-A sound card (also


known as an audio card) is an
internal expansion card that
provides input and output of
audio signals to and from a
computer under control of
computer programs. The term
sound card is also applied to
external audio interfaces used
for professional audio
applications.
Head phones
• Headphones-Headphones (or head-phones in the early days of
telephony and radio) traditionally refer to a pair of small loudspeaker
drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears. They are
electroacoustic transducers, which convert an electrical signal to a
corresponding sound.
Web cameras
• Web cameras-A webcam is a video camera that feeds or streams an
image or video in real time to or through ... page over the Internet.
Some of them, for example, those used as online traffic cameras, are
expensive, rugged professional video cameras.

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