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5.SQL Queries TCL

1. The document discusses SQL commands including DCL (data control language) commands like GRANT, REVOKE, and CREATE USER as well as TCL (transaction control language) commands like COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT. 2. It provides examples of using GRANT to assign permissions to a user, REVOKE to remove permissions, and CREATE USER to create a new database user. 3. Examples are also given for the transaction control commands COMMIT to commit changes, ROLLBACK to roll back to a prior state, and SAVEPOINT to temporarily save a point to rollback to within a transaction.

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Ankit Rajput
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122 views

5.SQL Queries TCL

1. The document discusses SQL commands including DCL (data control language) commands like GRANT, REVOKE, and CREATE USER as well as TCL (transaction control language) commands like COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT. 2. It provides examples of using GRANT to assign permissions to a user, REVOKE to remove permissions, and CREATE USER to create a new database user. 3. Examples are also given for the transaction control commands COMMIT to commit changes, ROLLBACK to roll back to a prior state, and SAVEPOINT to temporarily save a point to rollback to within a transaction.

Uploaded by

Ankit Rajput
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL QUERIES-3

TCL and DCL-COMMANDS


DCL

Grant and revoke


DCL
1. Go to start of your windows and type sql
command line.
2. connect
Username: system
Password: same as that of workspace
Create a table (say customer) and insert few tuple
into it.
Select * from customer;
DCL
3. Create a user:
create user lpu identified by 123;
4. Connect as lpu
You will get session permission denied
Again connect as system and assign permissions
grant create session to lpu;
Now try login as lpu
DCL
3. Create a user:
create user lpu identified by 123;
4. Connect as lpu
You will get session permission denied
Again connect as system and assign permissions
grant create session to lpu;
Now try login as lpu
DCL
5. As user lpu
select * from system.customer;
Permission denied
grant select, insert on customer to lpu;
Again login ad lpu
And try to insert data into table or delete a tuple
from table
DCL
As system user:
6. grant delete on customer to lpu;
Again connect as lpu and check

7. revoke insert on tablename from username;


TCL
1.Commit command
• Commit command
• Commit command is used to permanently save any
transaaction into database.
• Following is Commit command's syntax,
• commit;
• You cant rollback if you commit;
2.Rollback command

• Rollback command
• This command restores the database to last
commited state. It is also use with savepoint
command to jump to a savepoint in a transaction.
• Following is Rollback command's syntax,
• rollback to savepoint-name;
3. Savepoint command

• savepoint command is used to temporarily save a


transaction so that you can rollback to that point
whenever necessary.
• Following is savepoint command's syntax,
• savepoint savepoint-name;
• Savepoint A;
Example of Savepoint and Rollback

• Following is the class table,
ID NAME
1 abhi
2 adam
4 alex

• Lets use some SQL queries on the above table and


see the results.
1. INSERT into class values(5,'Rahul');
2. commit;
3. UPDATE class set name='abhijit' where id='5';
savepoint A;
4. INSERT into class values(6,'Chris');
5. savepoint B;
6. INSERT into class values(7,'Bravo');
7. savepoint C; SELECT * from class;
• The resultant table will look like,
Now ID NAME
• rollback to B; 1 abhi
2 adam
• SELECT * from class;
4 alex
• rollback to A; 5 abhijit
6 chris
• SELECT * from class;
7 bravo
• You will see how data is displayed
TCL
1. Open sql command line
2. connect
Username: system
Password:
Create a table.
create table s(id int, name varchar(15));
Insert data into it.
insert into s values(101, ‘a’);
insert into s values(102, ‘b’);
select * from s;
TCL
3. rollback
4. select * from s;
Add another record
2. Save Point
A point up till which rollback is to be done
Create save point:
savepoint A;
insert into s values(103, ‘c’);
insert into s values(104, ‘d’);
savepoint B;
TCL
insert into s values(105, ‘e’);
insert into s values(106, ‘f’);
savepoint C;
rollback to B;

commit: permanent changes are saved. Rollback does not effect.


DCL

Connect to database in sql CLI


connect :
system
pwd
1.Create user <un> identified by password;
2.Grant unlimited tablespace to <un>;
3.Grant create session to <un>;
grant create table to <un>;
1.connect
Username: <un>
password
DCL
Try to create table and insert data into it
5. Login as system
grant update on system.<tablename> to <un> with grant option
i.e. user u1 can grant to user u2
6.revoke create table from <un>;
7. revoke select on <tablename> from <un> cascade;
Revoke recursively
DCL
8. Create role:
create role <role_name> identified by password;
9. Grant select on <table name> to <role_name>;
10. Grant all on table to <role_name>;
11. Grant <role_name> to <username>
mcq

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