WEBINAR

ON
“PLASTIC FILM Plastic Materials,
BIODEGRADATION Selection and
TECHNIQUES AS PER ISO Applications in
17088” Biodegradable Films
CIPET : CSTS -
 JOY FOR THE TOYS
Many toys have survived the test of time.
We are Here to Know the Plastic Materials involved in
manufacturing of Toys
CLASSIC TOYS
of the 21st Century (Let’s See)

09-02-2021
BREAK-UP OF INDIAN
TOY MARKET
TRADITIONAL INDIAN TOYS
ANCIENT INDIAN TOYS
TOYS FOR KIDS AND INFANTS
HANDMADE INDIAN TOYS
IMPORTED TOYS (WITH/ WITHOUT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS)

09-02-2021
 CLASSIC TOYS:
...WELL –KNOWN Favorites of the 21st
TOYS... Century
 -- Toys available in
market --

1. Rainbow Stacker (7 piece

2. Rainbow Stacker (12
piece)
3. Shumee Puzzle
4. Shumee number and
shape sorting house
5. Shumee Wooden Bunny
Table and Chair Set
6. Shumee rattle
7. Brainsmith - New-Born
High Contrast Flash Card
Set
8. Brainsmith - Quantum
Flash Cards, (2 Months
+)

09-02-2021
 -- Toys available in market --

1. Rainbow Stacker (7 piece

2. Rainbow Stacker (12 piece)
3. Shumee Puzzle
4. Shumee number and shape sorting house
5. Shumee Wooden Bunny Table and Chair Set
6. Shumee rattle
7. Brainsmith - New-Born High Contrast Flash Card Set
8. Brainsmith - Quantum Flash Cards,
9. National Flags
10. Skola locking blocks
11. Skola Toys House of Patterns
12. Skola Toys Step Tower
13. Skola Toys Geometry Cake
14. Skola Car Track –
15. Thasvi Montessori Baby Set
16. Thasvi Palmer and Pincer Grasp Puzzle (8 Months
+)
17. Thasvi The Jurassic World - Coloured (3 Years +)
18. Thasvi Primary Colours Mobile (2 Months +)

09-02-2021
09-02-2021
 HOW TO DESIGN TOYS ONLINE – JUST A MATTER OF INTEREST AND NOT MONEY !!

1. Many Tutorials like Motion Graphics etc. can help us design at our home

2. These series are available in PowerPoint 2016

3. This has especially been designed to give you an idea of possibilities of 2D Animation in PowerPoint.

4. This short toy train video effect and other motion graphic tutorials are easy to accomplish & can help you

to understand the concept of creating Short 2D animation movies in PowerPoint.

09-02-2021
 TOY – PICTURES THAT
SOOTHE OUR EYES
• From wooden kitchen sets that looked exactly like the mini
• Picture of a toy is great to help children with their
version of our mom’s kitchen and recognition skills

• Colourful dancing dolls that were a major attraction at melas  • great for visual learners to improve engagement and
productivity.
• to the spinning tops, called lattoos, this is what defined childhood for
• Encouraging outdoor play and playing with toys is really
most of us. important, particularly to keep kids social, active and
having fun! 
• With video games and phone screens becoming the new
• discussion in pairs or groups are great to prompt children to
definers of childhood, there are many traditional toys that socialize and develop confidence.

have either lost their significance or business.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS2000 B.C.- CHECKERS (Ancient
Egypt)

 When a pharaoh died, he would be buried

with many of his favorite items. Checkers
were often found in this collection.
 DICE (made out of bone)have also been
found in Egyptian tombs.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
LUDO (in India) / PARCHEESI

 Originated in India
 Textile factory workers created
a game that was played on
fabric with a unique pattern.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1900- LIONEL TRAIN / TOY TRAIN

 1st electric Lionel train was window

display in New York City. Soon shoppers
were asking to buy it.

1903- CRAYOLA CRAYON

 Crayola products are sold in more

than 80 countries & 12 languages.
 The average child in the US will
wear down 730 crayons by his/her
10th birthday.
09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1903-TEDDY BEARS

 Named after President Theodore

(Teddy) Roosevelt following a bear
hunt in Mississippi.

 Ideal Toy Company was the first

company to mass-produce the
Teddy Bear.

 Teddy Bears are still a favorite toy

for people of all ages.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1915- RAGGEDY
ANN & ANDY / DOLLS

 1st handcrafted dolls had

brown yarn hair instead of
the trade-mark red yarn hair.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1916- LINCOLN LOGS

 Were designed and developed by

John Lloyd Wright, son of the
famous architect, Frank Lloyd
Wright.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1923- MADAME ALEXANDE
DOLLS

 1st doll based on License

 known for Detailed Design
 1930’s invented “Sleep Eyes”

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1930- MICKEY & MINNIE
MOUSE Plush Dolls

 1st Mickey Mouse Cartoon in 1928

 Mickey and Minnie Mouse are icons
of Walt Disney and the Disney
corporation.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1935- Monopoly

 Was first rejected by Parker Brothers in

1933.

 Today has sold more than 100 million

sets - worldwide.

 More Monopoly money is printed each

year than US currency!

 Many variations of the original game.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1947- TONKA TRUCKS

 It takes over 119,000 pounds of

yellow paint and 5.1 million
pounds of sheet metal a year to
make the Tonka vehicles.

 The name “Tonka” is taken from a

Dakota Sioux Indian word
meaning “great”.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS

1948- SLINKY
- Average size Slinky has 63
feet of wire or plastic.
 It takes 10 seconds to
produce one Slinky.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1952-MR. POTATO HEAD
 1st toy product ever advertised on
television
 Original toy inserted plastic parts in
a real potato
1956- PLAY-DOH
 First entered the market as
wallpaper cleaner. (1950)

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS

1954- MATCHBOX
CARS
 This little car was originally
created for a girl. A small
brass car was put in a
matchbox for her to take
take to school.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS

1956- YAHTZEE
 Invented by a Canadian couple
while on their yacht, so they
called it “Yahtzee”.

09-02-2021
 CLASSIC TOYS
. 1957- FRISBEE
 Pies made by the Frisbee Baking
Company of Bridgeport,
Connecticut, were sold to college
students. The students
Frisbee discovered that they could toss
and catch the empty pie tins for
hours of fun.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS 1959- BARBIE
 Invented by the co-founder of Mattel
toy company.
 Named after her daughter Barbara -
Ken was named after her son.
 3 Barbie Dolls are sold somewhere in
the world every second.
 The world’s largest Barbie collection is
in the United Kingdom. A woman
there has 1,125 dolls. (Ken dolls
included)
 “Barbie Pink” is a recognized color

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1964- G.I. Joe
 The world’s 1st action figure.
 Average of 10 G.I. Joe for boys
5-10 years old.
 Skip the Navy Frogman, Rocky
the Marine Paratrooper, and Ace
the Fighter Pilot were considered
names.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1980- RUBIK’s CUBE
 Possible color combinations =
1,929,770,126,028,800!

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS 1983- CABBAGE PATCH
KIDS
 Xavier Roberts, a sculptor, showed the
dolls as part of an art exhibit.
 The dolls would be put up for adoption by
his assistants who were dress like
maternity nurses.

1983- CARE BEARS

 Care Bears live in the magical world of
Care-A-Lot.
 The 10 original bears were: Bedtime,
Birthday, Cheer, Friend, Funshine, Good
Luck, Grumpy, Love-A-Lot, Share, and
Tenderheart.

09-02-2021
CLASSIC TOYS
1998- FURBY
 Interactive stuffed toy
 Reacted to human sounds - and
other Furby’s with winkles,
giggles, speaKing “Furbish”,
and English.

09-02-2021
 INDIA TO MANUFACTURE &
BECOME ONE OF THE
BIGGEST TOY MARKET FOR
THE WORLD
A. Country's decrease in imports
resulted in a push for Indian toys
B. Hon’ble Prime Minister Narendra
Modi talking about the rich heritage
of local toys in our country
C. PM Modi called for entrepreneurs to
“team up for toys”
D. Take a look at some forgotten Indian
toys, lets rebuilt them.

09-02-2021
 Maharashtra Special Toy

Bhatukali miniature kitchen sets

Bhatukali is a miniature kitchen toy set.
The earliest reference to Bhatukali is found
in 'Dnyaneshwari', written by the 12th
century Marathi Sant Dnyaneshwar. 

The Toy A
ss
demand f ociation Of India s
or I ays that t
India sinc ndian toys has act he
e the lock ually incr
down. “T e
10% incr
ease beca here is de ased in
import of use finite
toys from there has been red ly a 5-
home.” F C uction in
ollowed b hina and kids wer
y Mahara e
biggest m
anufactur shtra, NC at
Indian to ing hub o R is the
ys. f modern
ised

09-02-2021
 PLASTIC MATERIALS
INVOLVED IN TOY SECTOR

09-02-2021
 PLASTIC MATERIALS
•
INVOLVED IN TOY SECTOR
In the toy sector, materials used belong to basic raw materials such as
The
pl
• wood, centu astic ind
r u
has y, especi stry evo
be al lv
• seve en used ly in the f ed drama
textiles and ra i if t
poss l factors: n the toy ties. From ically dur
ibilit in
y of acceptab manufac its begi g the twe
prod n
• metal are being employed. ucin le cost, e turing in ning, pl ntieth
g co
mple ase of m dustry d astic
x for ould u
ms, i n g, e t o
e tc .

• The main component used in toys is plastic – lets study the main plastic

materials used
• Natural Plastics/ Biodegradable Plastics

• Synthetic Plastics

09-02-2021
PLASTIC MATERIALS
INVOLVED IN TOY SECTOR
SYNTHETIC PLASTICS in TOY SECTOR

i. such as polyolefins (polyethylene, polypropylene, EVA, etc.),

ii. styrene derived polymers (PS, ABS, SB, etc.) and
iii. plasticized PVC being the most used plastics in the toy sector.
iv. Certain components or toy pieces use technical plastics (like engineering plastics for examples
polyamide,
v. polycarbonate or
vi. polymethyl methacrylate

NATURAL/ BIO-DEGRADABLE PLASTICS in TOY SECTOR

vii. These, moreover, have a short useful life and are thrown away shortly afterwards, as it is not
possible to re-use almost any of their components.

09-02-2021
 PLASTIC MATERIALS USED IN THE
TOY SECTOR
(PERCENTAGE %)
a. The toy sector, with 97% of it being synthetic plastics and
b. Approx. 40% of it are Polyolefins mostly ie Polypropylene and Polyethylene (PP
and PE)
c. PE 23%
d. PS 25 %
e. PP 16 %
f. ABS 10 %
g. PVC 10 %
h. Other Plastics (Commodity/ Engineering) 16 %
i. Continual improvement are being made up for product innovation and process
improvement requirements. Figure 1. Plastic Materials in Toy Sector
j. Research is under progress for the use of this type of material which offers higher
biodegradable characteristics in this Toy Sector.
09-02-2021
 BIODEGRADABLE CHARACTERISTICS IN THIS TOY SECTOR

• This research in biodegradable materials is allowing new applications

development.
• Currently, the most common market for bioplastics is packaging.
• The applications are commercial bags made of
• biodegradable plastics, bags and
• compostable waste collection and
• compostable food trays and
• food packaging or made from biomass.
• Applications in other sectors such as the automotive or electronics ones are
being developed.

09-02-2021
 Biodegradable materials can be classified into four main categories
regarding their origin and production (below Table 1)

Table 1. Biodegradable Materials Classification.

ORIGIN & PRODUCTION EXAMPLES

Directly obtained from biomass Cellulose, Starch, Chitosan

PLA, poly glycolic acid (PGA),

Synthesized from renewable sources
polycaprolactone (PCL).

Produced by micro-organisms or genetically Poly-hidroxialcanoatos (PHA), poly-3-

modified. hidroxibutarato (PHB).

09-02-2021
 PLASTIC MATERIALS
INVOLVED IN TOY SECTOR
LASTIC MATERIAL FOR TOY USING INJECTION MOULDIN
(Table 2)

Table 2. Processing techniques in the toy industry

Technique  Polymers  Applications

Injection  HIPS  Solid Parts

Blowing  HDPE, PVC Wheels, hollow parts, figures

Rotational
The mostMoulding   PVC, HDPE 
common processing technique in the toy industry (table 2)Hollow parts, process.
is the injection containers
That is why
the selected materials for this project are high fluidity materials, appropriate for the injection process.
09-02-2021
 PLASTIC MATERIALS
INVOLVED IN TOY SECTOR
LASTIC MATERIAL FOR TOY USING INJECTION MOULDIN
(Table 2 contd..)

Table 2. Processing techniques in the toy industry

Technique  Polymers  Applications

Calender   Plasticized PVC Thermoselling of inflatable toys
Substitutes of textile material,
Coated Fabrics Several polymers
soft-bodied doll
Foams  PU  Soft play ball
Die-stamping ABS Sheets Shovel plow
Embossed  PC Sheet  3D fames
Metallic 
09-02-2021 Metallic  Mirror
OY MAKING & DESIGNING USING INJECTION MOULDING

   

a b

INJECTION TESTING
•NJECTION
Before undertaking
TESTING the actual injection, the filling,
compactation
Before and
undertaking cooling
the 
actualphases
 
of the
injection, the filling,
injection
process were
compactation andsimulated with theofdifferent
cooling phases Plastic
the injection
Matreials
process wereare requiredwith
simulated (as the
seen in the adjacent
different biodegradable
figures).
materials used (figure 2). The analysis showed that the
c d

selected materials did not present processing problems.

•  The analysis showed that the selected materials did
09-02-2021 not present processing problems.
 Simulation of the filling process

• Previous injection tests with simulation enables for the

selected materials suitable for the candid Toy.

• Toys are initially tested and hence initial pieces can also
be injected with a demonstrative mould

TOYS TESTED FOR RAW MATERIALS:

• Shore hardness,
• Flow rate,
• Density and
• Vicat Softening Temperature of the different
materials should be characterized, prior to final
approval and manufacturing.
09-02-2021
 AW
C R OR
S TI LS F ING
A A R
PL ERI CTU
AT FA YS
M NU TO
F
MA O
PLASTIC TOR RAW MATERIAL: Young Module variation of the
different materials with Tensile and Mechanical strength
characteristics.

PLASTIC TOR RAW MATERIAL: Flexure Modulus variation of the PLASTIC TOR RAW MATERIAL: Variation of energy absorbed by
different plastic raw materials with required characteristics.
09-02-2021 different materials with Impact Strength/ Mechanical characteristic
CONCLUSION – TOY MAKING, A BETTER OPTION
FOR
BUDDING ENTREPRENEURS !!

• Plastic Materials are tested and evaluated prior to its application as Toy Raw
Material
• Simulation leads to making of Toy Prototypes
• Prototypes are evaluated and then from the results obtained, it can be either
modified or rated as the appropriate raw material for toy making.
• Each Plastic Material has different physical and mechanical properties,
• but all of them are usable in the injection process (provided they have the
correct melt flow index criteria)
• Blow Moulded Production for toy manufacturing can be very highly
productive and scalable at Small scale industries for different types of
09-02-2021
toy items.
 Job oriented Skill development Training programmes in
Plastics Engineering and Technology
- an enhancement capacity to avail opportunities for livelihood
through CIPET Skilling Programmes, Aurangabad, Maharashtra

Operator Programmes
• Injection Molding

• Extrusion
 Sector : Chemicals and  Sector : Plastics
Petrochemicals • Blow Molding Processing Sector
 36 NSQF Levels  16 modules
• Machine Maintenance 
 Injection moulding Injection moulding
 Blow moulding • CNC Milling  Blow moulding
 CNC Lathe  CNC Lathe
• CNC Lathe  CNC Milling
 CNC Milling etc.
www.nqr.gov.in  Design using CAD etc.
• FRP Products
www.mssds.in
Skill Development
NSQF approved 36 CIPET courses CIPET Courses approved by Training
under NSDA Level approval MSSDS, Govt. Of Maharashtra Programme with
Placement
Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering & Technology Exclusively for
Tribal youth of
(CIPET: CSTS, Aurangabad) Maharashtra,
through CIPET,
Dept. of Chemicals & Petrochemicals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India Govt. of India
09-02-2021
Plot No. J-3/2, MIDC Industrial Area, Chikalthana, Aurangabad – 431006 (M.S.) India 
 THANK
YOU

09-02-2021