Scribd
Upload
46 views23 pages

Intro CH 02A

The document discusses the history and development of the internet from the 1960s to today. It describes ARPANET, NSFNet, and the transition to commercial networks. It also outlines major internet services like the world wide web, email, file transfer, and chat. The document explains how to access the internet through internet service providers and browsers.

Uploaded by

Usman Dastgir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
46 views23 pages

Intro CH 02A

The document discusses the history and development of the internet from the 1960s to today. It describes ARPANET, NSFNet, and the transition to commercial networks. It also outlines major internet services like the world wide web, email, file transfer, and chat. The document explains how to access the internet through internet service providers and browsers.

Uploaded by

Usman Dastgir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 2A

The Internet and the


World Wide Web

McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Internet’s History
• 1969 – ARPANET
– Developed by the Department of Defense
– Connected universities and defense bases
• 1973 – ARPANET connects to Europe

2A-3
ARPANET 1973

2A-4
The Internet’s History
• Mid-1980s – NSFNet
– Network between supercomputers
– Internet was the link to ARPANET
– No commercial traffic allowed
• 1990s
– ARPANET shut down
– NSFNet abandoned
– Commercial networks take over

2A-5
Today and the Future
• 100,000 new web sites per month
• More than 50% of U.S. households
online
• Access is available throughout the U.S.
• Eventually access will be global

2A-6
U.S. Internet Growth

2A-7
The Internet’s Major Services
• The World Wide Web (WWW)
– Developed in 1993 by Tim-Berners Lee
– Allowed connection of documents
– Required a browser to read documents
• Electronic mail (e-mail)
– Instantaneous transmission of documents

2A-8
The Internet’s Major Services
• News
– Often called newsgroups
– Electronic discussions on several topics
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
– Sends and receives files

2A-9
The Internet’s Major Services
• Chat
– Public real time conversation
• Instant messaging
– Private real time conversation
• Peer-to-peer services
– Allows sharing of files among users
– Napster and Kazaa are examples
– Illegal to share copyrighted material

2A-10
Accessing The Internet
• Internet Service Provider (ISP)
– Company that provides Internet access
• Dialup
– Connects to Internet through phone line
– Modem connects to the phone line
– Slow connection

2A-11
Accessing The Internet
• High-speed access
– Connect through a special line
– 2 – 25 times faster than dialup
– DSL, Cable, T1 are common

2A-12
Understanding the Internet
• The Internet allows accessing resources
• The Web simplifies the Internet
• The Web connects documents
– Hypertext creates links between documents
– Documents are stored on a web server
– HTTP delivers documents

2A-13
Understanding the Internet
• Web site is a collection of documents
– Document is a web page
– Pages are published to the web
• Hypertext Markup Language
– Creates web pages
– Describes how pages should look
– Content enclosed in tags
– <tag>content</tag>

2A-14
Understanding The Internet
• Browsers
– Read and translate the HTML
– Display web content
• Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
– Address of a web page

2A-15
Understanding The Internet
• Helper applications
– Plug-ins
– Enhance a browser’s functionality
• Streaming audio and video
– Sends the file in small chunks
– Chunks downloaded while others play

2A-16
Streaming Audio

2A-17
Using a Browser And The WWW
• Browser starts on the home page
• Navigating the web
– Enter a URL in the browser
– Click a link
– Links are typically blue underlined words
– Image maps are picture links
• When finished, close the browser

2A-18
Searching the Web
• The Web is unorganized
• Directories
– Categorize the Internet
• Search engines
– Find sites by keyword

2A-19
Searching the Web
• Site searches
– Large sites have an internal search
• Metasearch sites
– Search several web sites at once
• Sponsored links
– Sites pay for better search results

2A-20
Search Techniques
• Quote the exact phrase
• Use the keyword AND
• Use the keyword NEAR
• Avoid common words
• Use the site’s advanced tools

2A-21
Chapter 2A

End of Chapter

McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Project due Jan. 10, 2003
• Solve one problem from
http://acm.fi.uva.es/problemset before
final examination starts.

2A-23

You might also like