RFID
TECHNOLOG
Y
Introduction to RFID
RFID
RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
An ADC (Automated Data Collection) technology that:
uses radio-frequency waves to transfer data between a reader and a movable item to
identify, categorize, track..
It is fast and does not require physical sight or contact between reader/scanner and the
tagged item.
Performs the operation using low cost components.
Attempts to provide unique identification and backend integration that allows for wide
range of applications.
Other ADC technologies: Bar codes, OCR.
2
RFID TECHNOLOGY
RADIO
FREQUENCY
IDENTIFICATION
3
“ Objectives
To save time in almost no energy required in
carryout
The aim is to make shopping easier
Which are a attached to each product in shopping
mart
To design and implement circuit that will
perform attendance tracking system
4
Components of RFID
Tags
RF Antenna
RFID Reader
Network
Workstation
RFID Tags
Tags can be attached to almost anything:
Items, cases or pallets of products, high value goods
vehicles, assets, livestock or personnel
Passive Tags
Do not require power – Draws from Interrogator Field
Lower storage capacities (few bits to 1 KB)
Shorter read ranges (4 inches to 15 feet)
Usually Write-Once-Read-Many/Read-Only tags
Cost around 25 cents to few dollars
Active Tags
Battery powered
Higher storage capacities (512 KB)
Longer read range (300 feet)
Typically can be re-written by RF Interrogators
Cost around 50 to 250 dollars
6
RFID Tags : Smart Labels
A paper label
with RFID inside
an antenna, printed,
etched or stamped ...
… and a chip
attached to it … on a substrate
e.g. a plastic foil ...
7
Tag Block Diagram
Power Supply
Control Memory
Tx modulator logic(final cells
state
Antenna machine)
Rx modulator
Tag integrated circuit (IC)
8
RFID TAG MEMORY
⬡ Read-only tags
Tag ID is assigned at the factory during manufacturing
∙ Can never be changed
∙ No additional data can be assigned to the tag
⬡ Write once, read many (WORM) tags
Data written once, e.g., during packing or manufacturing
∙ Tag is locked once data is written
∙ Similar to a compact disc or DVD
⬡ Read/Write
Tag data can be changed over time
∙ Part or all of the data section can be locked
. 9
RFID READERS
Reader functions:
Remotely power tags
Establish a bidirectional data link
Inventory tags, filter results
Communicate with networked server(s)
Can read 100-300 tags per second
Readers (interrogators) can be at a fixed point such as
Entrance/exit
Point of sale
Readers can also be mobile/hand-held
10
RFID Application points
Wireless
Assembly Lines
Handheld Applications
Bill of Lading
Material Tracking
Shipping Portals 11
RFID applications
Manufacturing and Processing
Inventory and production process monitoring
Warehouse order fulfillment
Supply Chain Management
Inventory tracking systems
Logistics management
Retail
Inventory control and customer insight
Auto checkout with reverse logistics
Security
Access control
Counterfeiting and Theft control/prevention
Location Tracking LOREM
Traffic movement control and parking management
12
Wildlife/Livestock monitoring and tracking
Smart Groceries
Add an RFID tag to all items in the
grocery.
As the cart leaves the store, it
passes through an RFID transceiver.
The cart is rung up in seconds.
13
Smart cabinet Tagged item is removed
Reader antennas placed under each shelf from or placed in
“Smart Cabinet”
“Smart Cabinet”
periodically interrogates
to assess inventory
Server/Database is
updated to reflect item’s
disposition
Designated individuals
are notified regarding
items that need
Passive attention (cabinet and
read/write tags
shelf location, action
affixed to caps
of containers required) 14
Smart fridge
⬡ Recognizes what’s been put in it
⬡ Recognizes when things are removed
⬡ Creates automatic shopping lists
⬡ Notifies you when things are past their expiration
⬡ Shows you the recipes that most closely match what is
available
15
Self Check-out/in
Dual Function(rfid & barcode)
Store information about item.
Performance statistics
Multiple items can be checked out at
a time
Easier to Use.
16
INVENTORY READER
A compact and light weight hand held device
Comfortable to use
High storage capacity
Multi Functional (such as shelving, sorting,
searching, weeding and reading)
Enhanced Security
17
SECURITY GATE
Verify that all books leaving the library
have been checked out.
Detect Theft and
Prevent unauthorized removal of
material
18
ADVANTAGES
Better Collection Management
Shelves rectification and Verification
Cost Avoidance
The tag does not need to be in line of sight
Eliminate Manual Labor Cost.
with the receiver to be read
Improve automation process
Improved Productivity and Services
Reduce Repetitive Stress Injury
Wireless inventory management
Faster Checked Out/In
Prevent Theft
Quick Searching, Weeding & inventory audit
19
DISADVANTAGES
⬡ Active RFID can be expensive because of batteries.
⬡ There still needs to be regulations about RFID guidelines.
⬡ It takes a lengthy time to program RFID devices.
TECHNICAL PROBLEMS
⬡ Problems with RFID Standards
⬡ RFID systems can be easily disrupted
⬡ RFID Reader Collision
⬡ RFID Tag Collision
20
CONCLUSION
The RFID replaces the traditional identification methods like barcode.
The RFID framework provides the freedom for developers/customers to
switch different RFID vendors at any point of time during the
development with minimal effort
RFID technology uses waves to automatically identify individual items.
After sixty years of development , plus the emergence of the internet , FID
is being used in many fields
21
REFERENCE
⬡ https://lowrysolutions.com/blog/what-are-the-different-types-of-rfid-technology/
⬡ https://www.computer.org/csdl/magazine/pc/2006/01/b1025/13rRUxlgxLD
22
Thanks!
Any questions?
23
Extra resources
24
SlidesCarnival icons are editable shapes.
This means that you can:
⬡ Resize them without losing quality.
⬡ Change fill color and opacity.
⬡ Change line color, width and style.
Isn’t that nice? :)
Examples:
Find more icons at
slidescarnival.com/extra-free-resources-icons-and-m
aps
25
� You can also use any emoji as an icon!
And of course it resizes without losing quality.
How? Follow Google instructions
�
https://twitter.com/googledocs/status/730087240156643328
✋👆👉👍👤👦👧👨👩👪💃🏃💑❤😂
😉😋😒😭👶😸🐟🍒🍔💣📌📖🔨🎃🎈
🎨🏈🏰🌏🔌🔑 and many more...
26
Free templates for all your presentation needs
For PowerPoint and 100% free for personal or Ready to use, professional Blow your audience away
Google Slides commercial use and customizable with attractive visuals
27
11
12
This is a slide title
Product
t ONS
ne Information (PML
t er Server Internet
Format)
In
Antenna
RF
Write data Items with Reader Read Transaction Application
to RF tags RF Tags Manager Data Store Systems
Antenna Trading
Partner
EDI / Systems
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 XML
Tag/Item 10
Relationship
Database 9
Tag Interfaces RFID Middleware Other Systems
28
Key Agenda & Concern
AGENDA
Material security CONCERN
Financial Liabilities
Personal Comfort and To Increase productivity
Safety Improve customer services
Privacy and Maintain current staff level
Problem patrons
29
Increase productivity
CONCERN
More accurate shelving
Time saving, speedy
Improve customer services
Provide security and material
controls
More opportunity for enhanced
Materials more readily services
available Durability, longevity and Insurance
Less time wasted in line to
check out/ check in
Fewer items remain charged
to accounts Maintain current staff level
Improved privacy since staff
never sees what’s being
checked out
Repetitive Stress
Reduce handling of item
with RFID
30
AGENDA
Material Security:
PRIVACY & SECURITY: ⬡ Use of Hardware and
Tracking Individuals
Software
Inappropriate use of ⬡ Reader Range
personal data ⬡ Read Quality
Theft of Information
⬡ Data Integrity
Ownership and Legal issue
⬡ Frequency
Inadequate Encryption
Database hacked
Financial Liabilities:
One Time Implementation costs
System maintenance & Licensing
Security system costs
Tags cost
31
