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    Operations On Function Stem

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    Angela Magpantay
    The document defines operations on functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition. It provides examples of applying these operations to given functions f(x), g(x), and h(x). It works through determining functions like (f + g)(x), (f - g)(x), (f • g)(x), (h/g)(x), and the composition (f ∘ h)(x). It also evaluates these functions at specific values like (f + g)(3).

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Operations On Function Stem

    Uploaded by

    Angela Magpantay
    25 views19 pages
    The document defines operations on functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition. It provides examples of applying these operations to given functions f(x), g(x), and h(x). It works through determining functions like (f + g)(x), (f - g)(x), (f • g)(x), (h/g)(x), and the composition (f ∘ h)(x). It also evaluates these functions at specific values like (f + g)(3).

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    Operations on Function Stem

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    The document defines operations on functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition. It provides examples of applying these operations to given functions f(x), g(x), and h(x). It works through determining functions like (f + g)(x), (f - g)(x), (f • g)(x), (h/g)(x), and the composition (f ∘ h)(x). It also evaluates these functions at specific values like (f + g)(3).

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    25 views19 pages

    Operations On Function Stem

    Uploaded by

    Angela Magpantay
    The document defines operations on functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition. It provides examples of applying these operations to given functions f(x), g(x), and h(x). It works through determining functions like (f + g)(x), (f - g)(x), (f • g)(x), (h/g)(x), and the composition (f ∘ h)(x). It also evaluates these functions at specific values like (f + g)(3).

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Operations on Function

    Definition. Let f and g be functions.


    1. Their sum, denoted by 𝑓 + 𝑔, is the function denoted by
    (𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥).

    2. Their difference, denoted by 𝑓 − 𝑔, is the function denoted by


    (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥).

    3. Their product, denoted by 𝑓 • 𝑔, is the function denoted by


    (𝑓 • 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) • 𝑔(𝑥).
    4. Their quotient, denoted by f/𝑔, is the function denoted by
    (𝑓/𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥)/𝑔(𝑥),
    excluding the values of x where 𝑔(𝑥) = 0.

    5. The composite function denoted by


    (𝑓 ° 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)).
    The process of obtaining a composite function is called function
    composition
    Example
    Given the functions:
    𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1 ℎ(𝑥) = 2x^2 + 9𝑥 − 5

    Determine the following functions:


    a. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥)

    b. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥)

    c. (𝑓 • 𝑔)(𝑥)

    d. (ℎ/𝑔)(𝑥)
    Example
    𝑒. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3)

    𝑓. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(3)

    𝑔. (𝑓 • 𝑔)(3)

    ℎ. (ℎ/𝑔)(3)
    Example
    Solution:
    𝑎. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥) definition of addition of functions
    = (𝑥 + 5) + (2𝑥 − 1) replace f(x) and g(x) by the given values
    = 3𝑥 + 4 combine like term
    Example
    b. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥)
    = 𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥) definition of subtraction of functions
    = (𝑥 + 5) − (2𝑥 − 1) replace f(x) and g(x) by the given values
    = 𝑥 + 5 − 2𝑥 + 1 distribute the negative sign
    (f-g)(x)= −𝑥 + 6 combine like terms
    Example
    c. (𝑓 • 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) • 𝑔(𝑥) definition of multiplication of functions
    = (𝑥 + 5) • (2𝑥 − 1) replace f(x) and g(x) by the given values
    (f = + 9𝑥 − 5 multiply the binomials

    - x + 10x - 5 = + 9x - 5
    Example

    d. (h/𝑔) (𝑥) = definition of division of functions


    = replace h(x) and g(x) by the given values
    = factor the numerator
    = cancel out common factors
    (h(x)/g(x)) = 𝑥 + 5

    (x + 5)(2x - 1) = -x +10x -5
    = + 9x - 5
    Example
    e. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3) = 𝑓(3) + 𝑔(3)

    Solve for 𝑓(3) and 𝑔(3) separately:


    𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1
    𝑓(3) = 3 + 5 𝑔(3) = 2(3) − 1
    =8 =5
    ∴ 𝑓(3) + 𝑔(3) = 8 + 5 = 13
    Continuation.
    Alternative solutions:

    (f + g)(x) = 3x + 4 function from item a


    (f + g)(3) = 3(3) + 4 replace x by 3
    =9+4 multiply
    = 13 add
    For item f to h we will use the values of f(3) = 8 and g(3) = 5
    f. (f - g)(3) = f(3) - g(3) definition of subtraction of functions
    =8-5 replace f(3) and g(3) by the given values
    =3 subtract

    Alternative solution:
    (f - g)(x) = -x + 6 resulted functions from item b
    (f - g)(3) = -3 + 6 replace x by 3
    =3 simplify
    g. (f g)(3) = f(3) g(3) definition of multiplication of functions
    =8 replace f(3) and g(3) by the given values
    = 40 multiply

    Alternative solution:
    (f g)(x) = resulted function from item c
    () = + 9(3) - 5 replace x by 3
    = 2(9) + 27 - 5 multiply
    = 40
    h. )(3) =

    Solve for h(3) and g(3) separately:


    h(x) = + 9x - 5 g(x) = 2x - 1
    h(3) = + 9(3) - 5 g(3) = 2(3) - 1
    = 18 + 27 - 5 =5
    = 40
    (3) = = = 8
    Alternative solution:

    ()(x) = x + 5 resulted function from item d


    ()(x) = 3 + 5 replace x by 3
    =8 simplify
    Composition of functions:
    Example: Given 𝑓(𝑥) = + 5𝑥 + 6, and ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 2
    Find the following:
    a. (𝑓 ∘ ℎ)(𝑥)
    b. (𝑓 ∘ ℎ)(4)
    Solution:
    a. (𝑓 ∘ ℎ)(𝑥) = 𝑓(ℎ(𝑥)) definition of function composition
    = 𝑓(𝑥 + 2) replace h(x) by x + 2
    Since f(𝑥) = + 5𝑥 + 6 given
    𝑓(𝑥 + 2) = + 5(𝑥 + 2) + 6 replace x by x + 2
    = + 4𝑥+ 4 + 5𝑥+ 10 + 6 perform the operations
    = + 9𝑥 + 20 combine similar terms
    b. (𝑓∘ℎ)(4) = f(ℎ(4))
    Step 1. Evaluate h(4) Step 2. Evaluate 𝑓(6)
    ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 2 𝑓(𝑥) = + 5𝑥 + 6
    h(4) = 4 + 2 f(6) = + 5(6) + 6
    =6 = 36 + 30 + 6
    = 72
    (𝑓∘ℎ)(4) = 𝑓(ℎ((4))
    = f(6)
    = 72
    Alternative solution:
    (𝑓 ∘h)(𝑥)) = 𝑓(ℎ(𝑥)) definition of function composition
    𝑓(ℎ(𝑥)) = + 9𝑥 + 20, from item a
    (𝑓∘h)(4)) = + 9(4) + 20 replace all x’s by 4
    = 16 + 36 + 20 perform the indicated operations
    = 72 simplify

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