Intercultural Speech Context Style

Intercultural
Communication
What is Intercultural
Communication?
- sending and receiving of messages

across language and cultures
- individuals interact, negotiate, and
create meanings while bringing their
varied cultural backgrounds (Ting-
Toomey, 1999).
Communication?
- communication from people

from different nationalities
(Gudykunst, 2003).
- communication that is influenced
by different ethnicities, religions,
and sexual orientations.
Communication?
- communication among
persons of different
cultural and linguistic
backgrounds.
The Developmental Model
of
Intercultural Sensitivity
Stage 1: Denial
The individual does
not recognize cultural
differences.
Stage 1: Denial
“All cities are the same;
they all have tall
buildings, fast food
chains, and coffee shops.”
Stage 2: Defense
The individual starts to recognize
cultural differences and is
intimidated by them, resulting in
either a superior view on own
culture or an unjustified high
regard for the new one.
Stage 2: Defense
“The culture does not view life
the way we do; our culture is
certainly better.”
“Their ways are better than my
own; I wish I were one of them.”
Stage 3: Minimization
Although individuals see

cultural differences, they
bank more on the university
of ideas rather than on
cultural differences.
Stage 3: Minimization
“Once we see through

the cultural differences,
we really are just the
same.”
Stage 4: Acceptance
The individual begins to

appreciate important cultural
differences in behaviors and
eventually in values.
Stage 4: Acceptance
“These people and I have

different values and
experiences, and I think we
can learn from one
another.”
Stage 5: Adaptation
The individual is very open

to world views when
accepting new
perspectives.
Stage 5: Adaptation
“To address our issue, I

have to adjust my approach
to consider both my own
and my counterpart’s
background.”
Stage 6: Integration
Individuals start to go beyond

their own cultures and see
themselves and their actions
based on multifarious cultural
viewpoints.
Stage 6: Integration
“I can look at things

from the perspective
of various cultures.”
Main Issues of Intercultural
Communicators
1. Knowledge – If we are unaware of the
customs and values of a certain culture, we
may fall to communicate properly with
individuals who practice that culture. In
order to interact well with persons from
foreign countries, we need to be aware of
their cultures.
2. Skills – Having attained cultural
knowledge, we can perform actions
appropriate to the culture’s specific
norms.
3. Attitudes – From an affective standpoint, we
also need to show a tolerant disposition towards
people of different culture. If we harbor babies
or prejudices, we shall not be able to
communicate properly. However, if we adopt a
respectful attitude towards any culture, we shall
be able to interact with any individual without
difficulty.
How to conduct Intercultural
Communication properly?
1. Be open-minded towards other
cultures. If we are appreciative of our
own culture, we can understand that
other people behave the way they do
because they are also influenced by their
own customs and norms.
2. Immerse yourself in the practices of
other cultures. Having developed an
open-minded approach to other cultures,
we can start to learn their customs and
traditions.
Note that in addition to culture, other elements
such as gender, age, social status, and religion
must also be taken into consideration when
communicating with others. Refrain from showing
bias when talking to someone by following the
tips below.
– Avoid stereotype, ex. Generalizations about
certain group.
– Be sensitive to the religious practices of others.
Types of
Speech Context
Types of
Speech Styles
The context dictates and affects the way people
communicate, which results in various speech
styles. According to Joos (1968), there are five
speech styles. These are (1) intimate, (2) casual,
(3) consultative, (4) formal, and (5) frozen. Each
style dictates what appropriate language or
vocabulary should be used or observed
1. Frozen
This style is "frozen” in time and remains
unchanged. It mostly occurs in
ceremonies. Common examples are the
Preamble to the Constitution, Lord's
Prayer, and Allegiance to country or flag.
Scenario
Priest: Eduardo, do you accept
Janine as your lawfully wedded
wife?
Groom: Yes, I do father.
2. Formal
This style is used in formal settings. Unlike
the consultative style, this is one-way.
Examples are sermons by priests and
ministers, State of the Nation Address of
the President, Formal speeches.
Formal style does not allow ellipsis (like omissions), and
contractions.
1. He's very busy.
- He is very busy.
2. See you next week.
- I look forward to meeting you next week.
3. What's up?
- How are you?
3. Consultative
This style is the standard one. Professional or
mutually acceptable language is a must in
this style. Examples of situations are
communication between teachers and
students, employers and employees, doctor
and patient, judge and lawyer.
4. Casual or Informal
This style is common among peers and
friends. Jargon, slang, or the vernacular
language are use. Examples of situations
are phone calls, everyday conversation
with friends, chats and blogs, etc.
Vocabulary words
1.Dude (a person)
2.Nope (no)
3.What's up? (How do you do?)
4.Fam (Family)
5. Intimate
This style is private, which occurs between or
among close family member or individuals. The
language used in this style may not be shared
in public.
Ex: Couple talking about the future plans,
family sharing, very (close friends sharing
secret)
Vocabulary words
1.Good morning, my love.
2.Babe, you look incredible in that
dress.
3. Bestfriend, I will tell you a secret.

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Intercultural

- sending and receiving of messages

- communication from people

Although individuals see

“Once we see through

The individual begins to

“These people and I have

The individual is very open

“To address our issue, I

Individuals start to go beyond

“I can look at things

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