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E Business & E Commerce (Modul 14)

E-commerce involves buying and selling goods and services online. It occurs between consumers, businesses, and government. B2B e-commerce lowers costs and improves accuracy by streamlining processes between businesses and their partners. Various technologies like electronic payments, mobile commerce, and web marketing support e-commerce activities.

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91 views36 pages

E Business & E Commerce (Modul 14)

E-commerce involves buying and selling goods and services online. It occurs between consumers, businesses, and government. B2B e-commerce lowers costs and improves accuracy by streamlining processes between businesses and their partners. Various technologies like electronic payments, mobile commerce, and web marketing support e-commerce activities.

Uploaded by

z god luck
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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E-BUSINES &

E-
COMMERCE
CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE

• E- Business : Aktivitas yang dilakukan perusahaan


untuk menjual dan membeli produk dan layanan
menggunakan komputer dan teknologi komunikasi
• E- Commerce : Membeli dan menjual barang dan jasa
melalui Internet Dibangun di atas perdagangan
tradisional dengan menambahkan fleksibilitas yang
ditawarkan jaringan dan ketersediaan Internet
E-Commerce: Business Applications

• Buying and selling products and services


• Collaborating with other companies
• Communicating with business partners
• Gathering business intelligence on customers
and competitors
• Providing customer service
Value Chain and E-Commerce
• Value chain

• Series of activities designed to meet business needs by adding value or cost


in each phase of the process
• Primary activities
• Inbound logistics
• Operations
• Outbound logistics
• Marketing and sales
• Service
Michael Porter’s Value Chain
Value Chain and E-Commerce
● Internet
• Increases the speed and accuracy of communication between suppliers,
distributors, and customers

• Low cost means companies of any size can participate in value chain
integration
● E-commerce enhances a value chain
○ Offers new ways to reduce costs or improve operations
E-Commerce vs. Traditional Commerce

• Click-and-brick e-commerce: Mixes traditional commerce


and e-commerce

• Capitalizes on the advantages of online interaction with


customers

- Retains the benefits of having a physical store location


E-Commerce Vs. Traditional Commerce
Advantages of E-Commerce
• Meningkatkan hubungan dengan pemasok, pelanggan, mitra
bisnis
• Menciptakan transparansi harga
• Beroperasi sepanjang waktu dan dunia
• Mengumpulkan lebih banyak informasi tentang calon
pelanggan
• Meningkatkan keterlibatan pelanggan Meningkatkan layanan
pelanggan
Advantages of E-Commerce
• Meningkatkan: Fleksibilitas dan kemudahan berbelanja

• Jumlah pelanggan

• Peluang untuk berkolaborasi dengan mitra bisnis

• Pengembalian investasi karena kebutuhan persediaan


berkurang
• Menawarkan layanan yang dipersonalisasi dan kustomisasi
produk
• Mengurangi biaya administrasi dan transaksi
Disadvantages of E-Commerce

• Bandwidth capacity problems


• Security and privacy issues
• Accessibility
• Acceptance
E-Commerce Business Models

Perusahaan e-Commerce memfokuskan operasi


mereka di berbagai bagian rantai nilai untuk mencapai
profitabilitas
E-Commerce Business Models
• Merchant
• Transfers the old retail model to the e-commerce world by using the
medium of the Internet
• Brokerage
• Brings sellers and buyers together on the Web and collects commissions
on transactions between these parties
• Advertising
• Extension of traditional advertising media
• Directories such as Yahoo! provide content to users for free
Business Models Used in E-Commerce

• Mixed
• Generating revenue from more than one source
• Informediary
• Sites collect information on consumers and businesses and then sell this
information to other companies for marketing purpose
• Subscription
• E-commerce sites sell digital products or services to customers
Major Categories Of E-Commerce
• Business-to-consumer e-commerce (B2C)
• Companies sell directly to consumers
• Supplements traditional commerce with e-commerce
• Business-to-business e-commerce (B2B)
• Involves electronic transactions between businesses
• Uses electronic data interchange (EDI) and electronic funds transfer (EFT)
• Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)
• Involves business transactions between users
• Reflected by people using online classified ads or online auction sites
• Consumer-to-business (C2B)
• Involves people selling products or services to businesses
E-Government
• Applications
• Government-to-citizen (G2C)
• Government-to-business (G2B)
• Government-to-government (G2G)
• Government-to-employee (G2E)
• Services
• Tax filing
• Online voter registration
• Disaster assistance
• E-training for government employee
Major Categories Of E-Commerce

● Nonbusiness organizations
o Universities
oNonprofits
oPolitical and social
Organizational E-Commerce

• Melibatkan aktivitas e-niaga yang berlangsung di dalam


organisasi melalui intranet organisasi
• Termasuk Pertukaran barang, jasa, atau informasi antar
karyawan Melakukan program pelatihan dan menawarkan
layanan sumber daya manusia
Major Activities in B2C E-Commerce
B2B E-Commerce: A Second Look

• Technologies used
• Intranets
• Extranets
• Virtual private networks
• Electronic data interchange (EDI)
• Electronic funds transfer (EFT)
• Reduces delivery time, inventory requirements, and prices
• Helps business partners share relevant, accurate, and timely
information
B2B E-Commerce: A Second Look

• Lowers production costs and improves accuracy


• Creates invoices and tracking payments manually
• Improves information flow among business partners
• Creates a direct online connection in the supply chain
network
Major Models of B2B E-Commerce
• Models based on who controls the marketplace
• Seller-side

• Buyer-side

• Third-party exchange
• Fourth marketplace model
• Trading partner agreements facilitates contracts and negotiations
among business partners
Seller-Side Marketplace
• Sellers who cater to specialized markets come together to create a
common marketplace for buyers
• E-procurement
• Enables employees in an organization to order and receive supplies
and services directly from suppliers

• Prevents purchases from suppliers that are not on the approved list
of sellers

• Eliminates the processing costs of purchases


Buyer-Side Marketplace

• Buyer, or a group of buyers, opens an electronic marketplace


and invites sellers to bid
• Helps the buyers:

• Manage the procurement process more efficiently

• Lower administrative costs

• Implement uniform pricing


• Involves the goal of establishing new sales channels
Third-Party Exchange Marketplace
• Marketplace generates revenue from the fees charged for
matching buyers and sellers
• Vertical market: Concentrates on a specific industry or
market
• Horizontal market: Concentrates on a specific function or
business process and automates this function or process for
different industries
• Offers suppliers a direct channel of communication to buyers
Trading Partner Agreements

• Otomatiskan proses negosiasi dan berlakukan kontrak antara


bisnis yang berpartisipasi
• Memungkinkan mitra bisnis untuk mengirim dan menerima
tawaran, kontrak, dan informasi yang dibutuhkan
• Memungkinkan pelanggan untuk mengirimkan dokumen
melalui Internet
Mobile Commerce
• Using handheld devices to conduct business transactions
• Based on the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
• Technologies supported

• Wireless wide-area networks and 3G networks

• Short-range wireless communication technologies


Voice-Based E-Commerce

• Relies on voice recognition and text-to-speech technologies


• Method involves using e-wallets
• Security features

• Call recognition

• Voice recognition

• Shipping to a set address that cannot be changed by voice commands


E-Commerce Supporting Technologies

• Electronic payment systems


• Web marketing
• Search engine optimization
Electronic Payment Systems

• Electronic payment
• Money or script that is exchanged only electronically

• Popular instruments for electronic payment


• Smart cards
• Contains an embedded microprocessor chip

• Stores important financial and personal information


Electronic Payment Systems

• E-cash: Secure and convenient alternative to bills and coins


• Complements credit, debit, and charge cards

• Adds convenience and control to everyday cash transactions


• E-check: Electronic version of a paper check
• Offers security, speed, and convenience for online transactions
Electronic Payment Systems
• E-wallets: Available for most handheld devices
• Offer a secure, convenient, and portable tool for online shopping

• Store personal and financial information


• PayPal: Popular online payment system used for many online
transactions

• Users with valid e-mail addresses can set up accounts and make
secure payments
Electronic Payment Systems

• Micropayments: Transactions on the Web involving


very small amounts of money
• Began as a method for advertisers to pay for cost per
view or cost per click
Web Marketing

• Uses the Web and its supporting technologies to


promote goods and services
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

• Method for improving the volume or quality of traffic to a website

• Higher ranking in search results generate more revenue for a


website
• Aims at increasing a website’s performance on search engines naturally
• Includes techniques facilitating search engines to find and index a site
for certain keywords
SUMMARY

• E-commerce is buying and selling goods and services over the internet
• E-commerce transactions occur among consumers, businesses, and
government
• B2B e-commerce lowers production costs and improves accuracy by
eliminating many labor-intensive tasks
• Number of technologies and applications support e-commerce
activities

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