4QCS1-WEEK2

2
1/4/202
OBJECTIVES
• Illustrate the elements of
a computer network

• Identify the hardware needed for

• Identify the different methods

NETWORK?
UNDERSTANDING NETWORKS
UNDERSTANDING NETWORKS
UNDERSTANDING NETWORKS
Networks
• A network consist of many people or
devices connected to one another in some way.
• Your circle of friends is a network.
The computer network
• A computer network is a group of
computers to each other by a transmission
connecte
d
medium. can share data, programs
• Computer devices when and they are part
s of a
• hardware
A computer that not part of a network is called a
network.
stand-alone computer.
Network is an effective way to share information
Networks
• A computer network is a network of computers
and hardware devices connected by wires.
• Computer network consists of some
other important parts.
1. The sending device
2. The receiving device
3. The transmission medium
4. The communication device
5. The network interface card
Sending device

Receiving device

Transmission medium
The sending device
• A sending device sends data over a network.
• When a computer needs to use a printer or a
program on a server, it sends a request to the
server.
• This computer is a sending device.
The receiving device
• A receiving device data or signals
receives by a sending sent
device.
• If a sender send request to the server then
the server is the receiving device.
Transmission medium
• A transmission medium connects computers to
the server.
• It carries signals from the sending device to a
receiving device. The wires or cables connecting
telephones and computers are transmission
media.
• There are three main types of cables.
1. The coaxial cables
2. Twisted-pair cable
3. Fiber-optic cable
Coaxial Twisted pair
Cable cable

Fibre optic
The coaxial cable
• It is the simplest type of cable.
• It consists of a conducting wire made of copper.
• Signals travel along the copper wire. The wire
is covered by layers of insulating material.
• Some wires from one cable can interface
with signals travelling
Twisted-pair cable
• It consists of two wires twisted around each
other. This reduce crosstalk and other
disturbance.
• It is thinner and more flexible than coaxial
cable.
Fibre-optic cable
• It carries data faster than other types of cables.
• It is made of glass fibres.
• Light signals travel by reflection across the inner
surface of the wire.
The communication device
• A communication device helps two devices
understand each other.
• Digital signals that flow in computer are different
from the analog signals carried along telephone
wires.
• Digital signals cannot travel along telephone lines
and computers cannot understand analog signals.
• A communication device that convert digital signals
to analog and vice versa.
• This device is called modem.
The router
• A router connects two networks. It
enables a message to be sent from
one network to another.
• When a message reaches a router,
a router first identifies the network
of the receiving computer. Then it
sends the message to the address
of the receiving computer on that
network.
VIDEO
PRESENTATION:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mad4kQ5835Y&list=LL&index=2S
The Network Interface Card
• An expansion card is connected to mother board
to increase the processing capacity of a
computer.
The Hub
• A hub connects the computers in a network.
• Cables from all the computers are connected to
the hub.
• When a computer sends a message to
another computer, the message is first sent to
the hub.
The Hub
• The hub then sends the message to all the
computers on the network.
• This is a waste because not every computer
needs the message. A hub is also called the
repeater.
The switch
• switch is better than a hub.
• A switch knows the address of each computer on
network.
• When a signal from sending device reaches the
switch, it sends the message only to the
computer that needs the message.
VIDEO
PRESENTATION:
Hub, Switch, &
Routeí Explained -
What's the
diffeíence?
by: PowerCert Animated Videos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1z0ULvg_pW8
What is

NETWORK?
Local area network (LAN)
• A Local area network connects computers in
a small building.
• LANs are found in schools, colleges and offices.
wireless LAN (WLAN)
• a LAN that uses no physical wires. Very
often, a WLAN communicates with a
wired LAN for access to its resources.
Metropolitan area network(MAN)
• A metropolitan area network combines two or
more LANs. It connects computers in different
parts of city.
• is a high-speed network that connects local area
networks in a metropolitan area such as a city or
town and handles the bulk of communications
activity across that region.
• It is larger and faster than a LAN.
• It is more expensive.
Wide area network (WAN)
• A wide area network combines many LANs and
WANs. It connects computers in different cities
or area.
• It is larger than a MAN.
• It uses a lot of cable. Satellite connections are
faster, but they are very expensive.
VIDEO
PRESENTATION:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_zSIXb7tLQ
The Internet
• The Internet is a special type of WAN. It can link
all the LANs in the world to create a worldwide
network.
• The internet uses very large and powerful
servers.
The Intranet
• The Intranet connects computers within an
office. It doesn’t link computers in one building
only. It connects computer in different cities.
• An intranet uses internet technology.
• It is faster than LAN or WAN and can carry more
data.
The extranet
• Sometimes, a company needs to share data with
customers or suppliers. It is possible by creating
an extranet.
• An extranet is created when a company lets its
customers and suppliers connect to the intranet
VIDEO
PRESENTATION:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PtjfB8RPhq8
WEEK 2- TO DO LIST
ASSESSMENT:
• Answer 5 item quiz in Xepto
WEEK 2- TO DO LIST
PERFORMANCE TASK NO. 1: ILLUSTRATION.
Choose one type of network and illustrate it.

RUBRIC:
Originality : 10pts.
Creativity : 5pts.
Neatness : 5pts.
Parts : 5pts.
Labels : 5pts.
WEEK 2- TO DO LIST
ASSIGNMENT:

Read about the advantages