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Lesson 5. Endogenic Processes

Endogenic processes are geological processes that occur beneath the Earth's surface and are driven by internal energy. The document discusses several key endogenic processes: folding and faulting involve rock layers being bent or broken due to compression, while volcanism, metamorphism, and earthquakes are subsequent processes resulting from magma movement and pressure changes within the Earth. These endogenic forces shape geological structures and form important landforms and mineral resources.

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Kaseylene Cabansag
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132 views

Lesson 5. Endogenic Processes

Endogenic processes are geological processes that occur beneath the Earth's surface and are driven by internal energy. The document discusses several key endogenic processes: folding and faulting involve rock layers being bent or broken due to compression, while volcanism, metamorphism, and earthquakes are subsequent processes resulting from magma movement and pressure changes within the Earth. These endogenic forces shape geological structures and form important landforms and mineral resources.

Uploaded by

Kaseylene Cabansag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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II.

EARTH
MATERIALS AND
PROCESSES
Endogenic Processes
Content Standard
The learners demonstrate an understanding of:
Geologic processes that occur within the earth
The folding and faulting of rocks
Learning competencies
Describe where the earth’s internal heat comes from.
Describe how magma is formed (magmatism)
Describe what happens after the magma is formed (plutonism and
volcanism)
Describe the changes in mineral components and texture of rocks
due to changes in pressure and temperature (metamorphism)
The Endogenic Process
 Formed, located or occurring beneath the surface of the earth.
 Endogenic Processes are geological processes that occur beneath
the surface of the Earth.
 It is associated with energy originating in the interior of the
solid earth.
 The ground we live on is moving all the time. The Forces within the
earth that cause the ground to move are called ENDOGENIC
FORCES. WASTIN SEDIMENTATION
G
How does Endogenic Process works?
 When the ground moves, rock layers at the surface of the earth are
broken, twisted and shaken.
 Land is destroyed in many places and created in other
places.
 When the land is shaped by endogenic forces we call this
endogenic processes.
Folding
 When two forces push towards each other from opposite sides, the
rock layers will bend into folds.
 The process by which folds are formed are due to compressional
forces known as folding.
 There are large-scale and small-scale folds. Large- scale folds are
found mainly along destructive plate boundaries.
Illustration: Folding
Illustration: Folding
Faulting
 Faulting is the fracturing and displacement of more brittle rock
strata along a fault plane either caused by tension or compression.
 A break in rock along which a vertical or horizontal rock
movement has occurred is called a fault.
 The process of forming a fault is faulting.
 The line of fault which appears on land surface is known as
fault line.
 These lines are often lines of weakness which allow molten rock
to rise up onto the earth surface when there is active volcanic
activity nearby.
Types Faulting
 There are three types of fault which are caused by different
endogenic forces:
 Normal fault (Convergence)
 Reverse fault (Divergence)
 Tear fault (Transform)
 Faulting forms two major landforms - block mountains and rift
valleys.
Illustration: Faulting
Illustration: Faulting
Other Endogenic Processes
 These are Endogenic Processes that are subsequent to the main
ones.
 Volcanism (Volcanic Activity)
 Metamorphism
 Earthquake (Seismic Activity)
Volcanism
 VOLCANISM or magmatism (also known as volcanic activity
or igneous activity)
 Magma beneath the crust is under very great pressure. When
folding and faulting occur, cracks or fractures which are lines of
weakness are created.
 When these lines of weakness develop downward in the crust and
reach the magma, they will release the pressure in the magma.
 This allows magma to rise up along the lines of weakness and
intrude into the crust. Some magma may even reach the earth's
surface and some don’t.
Illustration: Volcanism
 There are
two types of
Volcanism:
Intrusive
volcanism
and
Extrusive
volcanism.
Results of Volcanism
Metamorphism
 Metamorphism is an endogenic process which occurs when there
is pressure and heat applied to geologic structures which leads to
the formation of metamorphic rocks.
Illustration: Metamorphism
Results of Metamorphism
Earthquakes
 An Earthquake or (Seismic Activity) is a sudden shaking or
vibration in the earth’s crust.
 When plates suddenly move past each other, the built-up strain is
released along the fault, and the rock fractures.
 An earthquake also can be triggered by molten rock moving up into
the chamber of a volcano before eruption.
Illustration: Earthquakes
Today we learned about:
Endogenic Processes are Processes that is formed or occurring
beneath the surface of the Earth.
The Main Endogenic Processes are Folding and
Faulting (or tectonic movements).
The Subsequent Endogenic Processes are Volcanism,
Metamorphism, and Earthquakes.
Endogenic processes cause many major landform features.
Endogenic processes have been responsible for shaping the earth’s
geologic structures and the formation of many of the most important
mineral resources.
References
Books
• Micheal A. Clores, Ph.D. (2016). Earth and Life Science 11, 90-104.
Website
• Google Photos
• http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com
• http://www.geology.com/EndogenicProcesses

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