Philo 1 - Week 2

Introduction to
PHILOSOPHY
Learning Outcomes
-Discover the origin of
Philosophy
-Familiarize to the
triumvirate
Philosophers
-Differentiate holistic
point of view from a
partial point of view
2
Origin of Philosophy
“
Philosophy, in the West, began in the Greek
colony of Miletus with Thales (who, according to
ancient sources, was the first to ask “What is the
basic stuff of the universe from which all else
comes?”) but spread outward in the works of
subsequent thinkers and writers to reach its
heights in the works of Plato and his
pupil Aristotle. The mathematician and
mystic Pythagoras (famed for his Pythagorean
Theorem today) was the first to call himself a
philosopher.
4
Notable Ancient Greek
Philosophers
Pythagoras (570 BCE to 495 BCE)- A mathematician and
scientist, he was credited with formulating the Pythagorean
theorem.
Socrates (470 BCE to 399 BCE)- He was considered the
foremost philosophers of ancient times. He was credited with
formulating the Socratic method- means of examining a
topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner
examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the
topic.
6
Plato (427 BCE to 347 BCE)- A student of Socrates, he
wrote down his mentor’s teaching and incorporated some of
his own ideas into them. Plato’s most significant ideas
included his Theory of Forms, which proposes that
everything that exist is based on an idea or template than can
only be perceived in the mind. Plato is also known for his
dialectic- a method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are
discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge. Plato’s
lasting contribution to learning was his founding of the
Academy, an institution of higher learning.
Aristotle (384 BCE to 322 BCE)- He attended the Academy,
and was the prominent student of Plato. For him, all ideas
and views are based on perception and our reality is based on
what we can sense and perceive. His studies in logic led to
the formulation of a formal process of analyzing reasoning
which give rise to deductive reasoning-the process by which
specific statements are analysed to reach a conclusion or
generalization.
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Big concept
These three laid the foundations of
many of the believes of the rest of
the Western world. Philosophers
such as John Locker and Descartes
use the theories these brilliant
minds brought forth in their own
works. I’m very interested to read
your opinions, specifically on the
Plato theory.
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HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE
and PARTIAL POINT OF
VIEW
HOLISTIC PARTIAL POINT OF
PERSPECTIVE VIEW
The term was coined It focuses on a specific
from the Greek aspects of a situation. The
word holos (ὄλος) individual focuses only to
meaning total or all. a certain idea more than
Meaning to say it refers to the whole.
a holistic point of view.
10
THE VALUE OF DOING
PHILOSOPHY IN OBTAINING A
BROAD PERSPECTIVE ON LIFE
PERSPECTIVE and PARTIAL

POINT OF VIEW
Big concept
The need to philosophize is driven
by the love for wisdom. To love
wisdom is to have an insatiable
desire for truth. It is a desire to
possess knowledge and use it
correctly
12
DOING A PHILOSOPHICAL
REFLECTION ON A SITUATION
FROM HOLISTIC
PERSPECTIVE
Key Terms
-Reflection requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and
action and to learn more about one’s life and experiences.
-Human self-reflection is the capacity of humans to exercise introspection and to
attempt to learn more about their fundamental nature and essence.
-Philosophy has an important place in our daily lives. Engaging in philosophical
reflection leads to the development of beneficial skills that individuals can apply in
everyday situations.
14
Activity
1. Have you ever had an experience where in you were not able to sleep because
you have done something that disturbs you so much? Is it helpful to have some
quite time to reflect on the things you’ve done? Did it benefited you?
2. Did reflection help you to avoid a situation that you think it will going to be
bad?
15
Big concept
Knowledge of Philosophy can
contribute to self-development.
Examples of activities that came out from a deliberate
reflection.
· Learning from your previous mistakes and not

repeating them again.
· Evaluating and knowing the best choice from
a set of options.
· Gaining a holistic point of view first before
making any conclusion.
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Introduction to

PERSPECTIVE and PARTIAL

· Learning from your previous mistakes and not

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