Arithmetic progression

Prepared by
Rohitashwa dutta
Arithmetic Progressions

▪ An Arithmetic Progression is a sequence of numbers in which we get each term by

adding a particular number to the previous term, except the first

▪ Each number in the sequence is known as term.

▪ The fixed number i.e. the difference between each term with its preceding term is
known as common difference. It can be positive, negative or zero. It is represented
as ‘d’
Some Examples of Arithmetic Progressions
General form of Arithmetic Progression

▪ Example
▪ Given sequence is 2, 5, 8, 11, 14,…
▪ Here, a = 2 and d = 3
▪ d = 5 – 2 = 8 – 5 = 11 – 8 = 3
▪ First term is a = 2
▪ Second term is a + d = 2 + 3 = 5
▪ Third term is a + 2d = 2 + 6 = 8 and so on.
Finite or Infinite Arithmetic Progressions

▪ Finite Arithmetic Progression

▪ If there are only a limited number of terms in the sequence then it is known as finite Arithmetic
Progression.
229, 329, 429, 529, 629

▪ Infinite Arithmetic Progression

▪ If there are an infinite number of terms in the sequence then it is known as infinite Arithmetic
Progression. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18,……………

▪ The nth term of an Arithmetic Progression

▪ If an is the nth term,a1 is the first term, n is the number of terms in the sequence and d
is a common difference then the nth term of an Arithmetic Progression will be
Some example

▪ Find the 11th term of the AP: 24, 20, 16,…

Solution
Given a = 24, n = 11, d = 20 – 24 = – 4

an = a + (n - 1)d

a11 = 24 + (11-1) – 4

= 24 + (10) – 4
=24 – 40
= -16
Arithmetic Series

▪ The arithmetic series is the sum of all the terms of the arithmetic sequence.
▪ The arithmetic series is in the form of

▪ {a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) + (a + 3d) + .........}

Sum of Terms in an AP
Sum of the first n terms of the sequence is calculated by
The Sum Formula says that the sum of the first n terms
of our arithmetic sequence is equal to n divided by 2
times the sum of twice the beginning term, a, and the
product of d, the common difference, and n minus 1. The
n stands for the number of terms we are adding together.
Some examples

If Radha save some money every month in her piggy bank, then how much money will
be there in her piggy bank after 12 months, if the money is in the sequence of 100,
150, 200, 250, ….respectively?

= [2a + (n - 1)d]
= [2(100) + (12 - 1)50]
= [200 + 550]
= (750)
= 6(750)
=4500
So the money collected in her bank in 12 months is Rs. 4500.
But when we have finite Arithmetic Progression or we know the last
term of the sequence then the sum of all the given terms of the
progression will be calculated by

Where l = a + (n – 1)d i.e. the last term of the finite Arithmetic

Progression.
Remark: The sum of the infinite arithmetic sequence does not exist.
Example
Find the sum of the sequence 38, 36, 34, 32, 30.
Solution
Given
a = 38,1 = 30 and n = 5
= (a+1)

= (38 +30)

= (68)

= 17
 some question related to these ................

▪ The general term of a sequence is given by an = -4n + 15. Is the sequence an A. P.?
If so, find its 15th term and the common difference.

▪ The nth term of an A. P. is 6n + 11. Find the common difference.

▪ If the 8th term of an A. P. is 31 and the 15th term is 16 more than the 11th term, find
the A. P.
▪ Which term of the arithmetic progression 5, 15, 25, ----- will be 130 more than its
31st term?

▪ Which term of the A. P. 3, 15, 27, 39...... will be 132 more than its 54th term?
▪ The 10th and 18th terms of an A. P. are 41 and 73 respectively. Find 26th term.

▪ If (m + 1)th term of an A. P. is twice the (n + 1)th term. Prove that the (3m +

1)th term is twice the (m + n + 1)th term.
▪ If the nth term of the A. P. 9, 7, 5.... is same as the nth term of the A. P. 15, 12,
9...... find n.
▪ Find the second term and nth term of an A. P. whose 6th term is 12 and the
8th term is 22.
▪ The sum of 4th and 8th terms of an A. P. is 24 and the sum of 6th and 10th terms
is 34. Find the first term and the common difference of the A. P.
 Multiple choice Questions.......................

1.  The nth term of an A.P. is given by an = 3 + 4n. The common

difference is
(a) 7
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 1
2.  If p, q, r and s are in A.P. then r – q is
(a) s – p
(b) s – q
(c) s – r
(d) none of these
3. If the sum of three numbers in an A.P. is 9 and their product is 24, then
numbers are
(a) 2, 4, 6
(b) 1, 5, 3
(c) 2, 8, 4
(d) 2, 3, 4
4. The (n – 1)th term of an A.P. is given by 7,12,17, 22,… is
(a) 5n + 2
(b) 5n + 3
(c) 5n – 5
(d) 5n – 3
5. The nth term of an A.P. 5, 2, -1, -4, -7 … is
(a) 2n + 5
(b) 2n – 5
(c) 8 – 3n
(d) 3n – 8
6. The 10th term from the end of the A.P. -5, -10, -15,…, -1000 is
(a) -955
(b) -945
(c) -950
(d) -965
7. Find the sum of 12 terms of an A.P. whose nth term is given by an = 3n
+4
(a) 262
(b) 272
(c) 282
(d) 292
8. The sum of all two digit odd numbers is
(a) 2575
(b) 2475
(c) 2524
(d) 2425
9. The sum of first n odd natural numbers is
(a) 2n²
(b) 2n + 1
(c) 2n – 1
(d) n²
10. The number of multiples lie between n and n² which are divisible by
n is
(a) n + 1
(b) n
(c) n – 1
(d) n – 2