Scribd
Upload
100 views16 pages

Cell Division and Cycle

1. The document discusses the process of cell division, including the stages of the cell cycle - interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. 2. During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its DNA in preparation for division. Mitosis then follows, where the cell nucleus divides into two nuclei, each with identical sets of chromosomes. 3. The final stage, cytokinesis, separates the cytoplasmic components of the parent cell into the two new daughter cells. Cell division allows organisms to grow, repair damage, and reproduce.

Uploaded by

AnaJeanJumawidMaranan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
100 views16 pages

Cell Division and Cycle

1. The document discusses the process of cell division, including the stages of the cell cycle - interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. 2. During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its DNA in preparation for division. Mitosis then follows, where the cell nucleus divides into two nuclei, each with identical sets of chromosomes. 3. The final stage, cytokinesis, separates the cytoplasmic components of the parent cell into the two new daughter cells. Cell division allows organisms to grow, repair damage, and reproduce.

Uploaded by

AnaJeanJumawidMaranan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Cell Division

Essential Question:
What Are Cells Made Of?
What are the Functions of Cell Division?
What Happens During the Cell Cycle?
Vocabulary
Cell Division- The series in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to
form daughter cells.

Interphase-The first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division(cell
grows and makes a copy of DNA)

Replication- The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus before
cell division.

Chromosome-A threadlike structure within a cell’s nucleus that contains DNA (passed
from one generation to the next)

Mitosis- The 2nd stage of the cell cycle. The cell nucleus divides into 2 new nuclei and
one set of DNA for each daughter cell.

Cytokinesis- the final stage of cell cycle. The cell’s cytoplasm divides, distributing
organelles into each of the two new daughter cells.
Cell Division

Comparing Cell Cycles


The table below compares the length of different cell
cycles.
What are the Functions of Cell Division?
Cell division allows organisms to:
1. grow
2. repair damaged structures
3. reproduce.

Different ways of Cell reproduction:

• Many single-celled organisms reproduce simply through cell division.


•Other organisms reproduce when cell division leads to the growth of
new structures.
•Most organisms reproduce when specialized cells from two different
parents combine, forming a new cell.
What Happens During the Cell Cycle?
The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo is
known as the cell cycle.
During the cell cycle:
•The cell grows ( ---)
• Prepares for division ( / )
•Divides into two new cells “daughter cells” ( DC) and then the
cycles begins again.

The cell cycle consists of three main stages:


Interphase , mitosis, and cytokinesis.
1st Stage-Interphase,
•the cell grows

•makes a copy of its DNA, in a process


called replication.
(DNA- holds of the info. that a cell
needs to carry out its functions)

•and prepares to divide into two new


cells. Produces structures that will help
it divide in animal cells, a pair of
centrioles is duplicated

•At the end of interphase, the cell is


ready to divide.
Fig. 2 Cell Division

Interphase: Preparing to Divide


The changes in a cell during interphase prepare the
cell for mitosis.
The Cell Cycle

The cell grows & produces organelles (plant=chloroplasts)


(animal=ribosomes, & mitochondria)

The replication process= cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in its
nucleus.

At the end of replication, = the cell contains two identical sets of


chromosomes, which are the threadlike structures made up of proteins
and DNA found in the nucleus.
Apply IT!!! Cell Division

When one cell splits in half during cell


division, the result is two new cells.
Each of those two cells can divide into
two more, and so on.
2nd Stage—Mitosis Fig. 3

2nd Stage—Mitosis= is when


the cell’s nucleus into
2 nuclei and 1 set of DNA is
distributed to each nucleus
of each daughter cell.

Fig. 3
How does prophase look
different from interphase?
There are four parts to mitosis:

1.Prophase = the replicated chromosome condense. Can shape can be


seen Microscope

2.Metaphase- The chromosomes attaches to spindle fiber @ centromere

3. anaphase – The centromere of chromosomes splits pulling chromatids


apart= single chromosome

4.Telophase- Nuclei forming- spindle fibers disappeared.


Cell Division pg. 391

Mitosis: Prophase
Mitosis begins with
prophase, which
involves further
changes to the cell.
Fig.4 Cell Division
Answer all the questions and draw the missing parts of the stages
in the spaces provided.
Centriole pairs Spindle fiber
Centromere

Chromatids

The Cell Cycle


Cells undergo an orderly
sequence of events as they
grow and divide. What are the
missing parts of the stages?
Final Stage Cytokinesis
3rd The final stage of the cell cycle is cytokinesis.

•In animal cells, the cell membrane squeezes together around the
middle of the cell, and the cell pinches in two.

•In plant cells, a structure called a cell plate forms across the middle of
the cell and creates new cell membranes between the two daughter
cells. New cell walls then form around the membranes.

•When cytokinesis is complete, two new cells have formed, each with
the same number of chromosomes as the original parent cell.
DID YOU KNOW??

Firmicutes
Certain bacteria divide
only once every 100
years! Bacteria known
as Firmicutes live in
certain rocks that are
found 3 kilometers
below Earth’s surface.
The life functions of
Firmicutes occur so
slowly that it takes
100 years or more for
them to store enough
energy to split in two.
Do the Math!!!
Length of a Liver Cell
Cycle

Human liver cells


generally reproduce
less than once per
year. At other times,
they can complete one
cell cycle in about 22
hours.

You might also like