EARTH &

LIFE
SCIENCE
GERALDINE ADRIANNE E. OSITA
Special Science Teacher I
 Class Rules
1. Do not be late/be absent.
2. Listen attentively and ask questions.
3. Do not interrupt the lesson.
4. Be comfortable but not lazy.
5. Be mindful and respectful.
6. Your area, your responsibility.
7. Be active and participate.
8. Do not be afraid of committing mistakes.
 What to expect?
This Subject is designed to provide general knowledge for
understanding of Earth Science and Life Science (Biology).
It presents the history of the Earth through geologic time. It
also discusses the Earth’s Structure, composition, processes,
issues, and problems. It also deals with the principles and
processes of Biology. It covers the life processes and
interactions at the cellular organism, population, and
ecosytem levels.
 Grading System
Written Works - 25%
Performance Tasks - 50%
Quarterly Assessment - 25%
TOTAL - 100%
 EARTH
SCIENCE
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02
Objectives Activity and Analysis
What sill we learn? What should we learn?

03 04
Abstraction Evaluation
How do we learn? How do we apply our
learning?
 01: OBJECTIVES
1 State the different hypotheses explaining the
origin of the universe.
2 Describe the different hypotheses explaining
the origin of the solar system.
3 Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the
only planet in the solar system with
properties necessary to support life.
02: ACTIVITY

“You are irrelevant.”

After watching the video

we will understand why
are we really irrelevant in
this life.
Lesson 1 A:
Origin of
the
Universe
03: Abstraction
Theories on the Origin of the Universe

BIG BANG
•THEORY
Universe started from a
singularity of extreme density &
temperature which rapidly
expanded in volume
• George Lamaitre (1927)
BIG BANG
Theories on the Origin of the Universe
THEORY
BIG BANG
THEORY
Theories on the Origin of the Universe

STEADY STATE THEORY

• Universe is the same at any time & at
any place in space. It has no
beginning or end. Matter is
continually being created to keep the
universe’s density constant
• Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi
STEADY STATE
THEORY
Theories on the Origin of the Universe

PULSATING THEORY
• Universe undergoes a cycle of expansion
and contraction
• Right now the universe is expanding. The
expansion is stopped by gravity then
expands again like in the beginning of Big
Bang.
• Paul Stanhardt, Neil Turok (2001)
PULSATING UNIVERSE
Lesson 1 B:
Origin of
the Solar
System
03: Abstraction
Theories on the Origin of the Solar System
ECOUNTER
• TheTHEORY
Sun had come across with a rogue star. Hot
gas was removed from both bodies upon the
encounter due to their gravitational interaction.
The materials (hot gas) from the sun were
believed to form the inner planets, and the
materials from the less dense rogue star were said
to be the origin of the outer planets.
ENCOUNTER THEORY
Theories on the Origin of the Solar System
pROTOPLANET
• THEORY
A cloud of gas and dust rotating slowly, began to
collapse, either due to the explosion of a passing
star or to its own gravity. This resulted to the
increase rate of rotation of the gasses. Then, the
sun was formed from the hydrogen fusion due to
the hot interior of the cloud brought by the
compression.
PROTOPLANET THEORY
Theories on the Origin of the Solar System
NEBULAR THEORY
• According to this, the solar system is formed from
a slowly rotating cloud of gas or nebula that
collapsed and flattened. The central, hot region
became the Sun, while the surrounding materials
became the planets and other heavenly bodies
including the moon.
• Pierre Simon Laplace along with Immanuel Kant
NEBULAR THEORY
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
The Planets
The Inner Planets:
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Smaller, rockier, more dense than outer planets
Contain heavier elements like nickel and iron
The outer Planets:
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
Composed of lighter elements such as helium,
hydrogen
and their ices (water ice, ammonia ice & methane
Lesson 2:

EARTH:
The
Only
Habitable
03: Abstraction
We live here!
This planet is called
Earth.
Third planet in the Solar System
Approx. 4.56 Billion Years
Revolves theOld
sun around
365-366 days
The ONLY PLANET to
sustain life!
Why is it the only planet that is habitable and
can sustain life?
• It has the right distance from the Sun
• It has a strong magnetic fields that
shields us from the electromagnetic
radiation from the sun
• It is protected by the plate tectonics
from very hot temperature of the
Core
• It has the right chemical materials
Why is it the only planet that is habitable and
can sustain life?
• The presence of oxygen in the
atmosphere
• Right atmospheric conditions
(temperature, humidity, etc.)
• Earth is found to be located in the
“Goldilocks Zone” where due to its
distance from the sun, the amount of
heat and solar energy it receives is
Why can’t we live in
Mercury and Venus?
Mercury:
● has extreme temperature due to its slow rotation.
● not capable of capturing and maintaining the right
amount of heat for a life to exist.
Venus:
● presence of numerous active volcanoes produces thick
atmosphere that also contributed to its hot surface
temperature.
Why can’t we live in
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
or Neptune?
They are called “Jovian Planets” or gas giants.
They are mainly composed of gases, thus, there
is no land where organisms can live and develop
making it impossible for life to exist.
 WHO
A!
Where done for today’s
lesson! I hope you are ready
for the assessment.
 04
ASSESSMENT
Refer to your
Quarter 1 Module 1
 Instructions:
In your Class Group Chat, the teacher will
provide a copy of the Module of the lesson
discussed. You will have the Google Link and
also Pictures of the pages of the modules so
that everyone can access it. You may also refer
to the “What’s In” part of the module if you
forgot the answer to a question.
 Instructions:
In your Module, answer only the following parts:
Lesson 1 :What I have Learned
 Instructions:
In your Module, answer only the following parts:
Lesson 2 :What I have Learned
 Instructions:
In your Module, answer only the following parts:
Assessment/Post Test (Last activity in your module)
 Instructions:

Write your answers legibly in a

Intermediate White Paper and pass it on
our next meeting. Don’t forget to write
your name, section, and the date that you
will pass your answers.
GOD BLESS!
Does anyone have any questions?
[email protected]
FB: Geraldine Adrianne Elisan-Osita

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