READING A

CONCEPT PAPER
 CONCEPT PAPER
• Are summaries of projects or issues that reflect
the interests, experience and expertise of the
writer or organization.
 LOVE
• As we all know, love is a multifaceted and complicated concept,
and each of us normally defines it in various ways. Some of the
things that may influence our definition of love are our
experiences in relation to it, what we have read about it, and
what others are saying about it.
• The purpose of the concept paper is to explain, clarify, or
theorize a particular concept.
• In building up a concept, it is important to connect theory and
experience.
 Language Acquisition And
Learning: Understanding How
We Communicate
By: Daryl Wyson
 SUMMARY
• The reality of language is one of the catching phenomena
in the economy. Language helps the human beings to
communicate with each other and give knowledge to
each other. But even if language is important and easy to
learn, there are still things that the human need to learn
and understand by using different method. So, the
scholars developed a paradigm which explains how
language acquisition and learning occur to help us to
understand it more.
• According to Burrhus Frederic Skinner, a psychologist,
language is a result of a habit formed through
reinforcement. As time passed by, humans came up with
new and creative way of speaking and this resulted to
Noam Chomsky criticizing Skinner’s view and proposed
another view which stated that because of the Language
Acquisition Device (LAD), Humans are able to learn a
language and meanings of words are fixed.
• Also there is Vygotsky, he proposed an idea that is
similar to Chomsky which stated that a child learns
in two ways through spontaneous concepts and
scientific concepts, where a child learns through
his/her environment while a scientific concept is
where a child is being taught such as grammar and
reading.
From an early age humans begin to form their linguistic capabilities,
beginning from being able to capture internal images to recognizing
logical relationships and grammatical structures. As children, they should
have already developed a language they are taught prior to hitting puberty ,
based on the critical period hypothesis, for the developing brain cells tend
to soak more knowledge than after the development, yet this still cannot be
debunked due to several cases of adults learning a second language
efficiently (Stern 1993, Woolf and Brundt 2001).
Linguistic lessons advance the older they get, seeing how from the earlier
grades focused on the grammatical structures while high school students
taught about abstract concepts, literary analysis and other higher order
thinking capacities(Arrends 1994).
Linguistic input is unconsciously acquired by the
learner is able to produce the language, that means
for a person to learn a language they must be further
exposed to it (Krashen 1981).
• The authors talk about how fascinating the language and letters
that creates meaning by combining them in human civilization.
He considered the language paradigms meaning that it has
pattern in every language that humans have from baby to adult.
He researched about some of the research a theories in
language. He gathered the theories of some scientists and
psychologist that relates on language paradigms.
• The author stated that, in the days of B.F Skinner, language
learning was primarily viewed through behaviorist terms. And
he exampled that if a person in being rewarded, he will develop
but if he is shunned a person refrain from doing whatever you
tell him. This shows that language according to behavioral
psychologists, language shows that depending on the statement
of being word that are being said by the language to a person,
the person changes its behavior depending on how you say the
word.
• He also stated on what he researched about the Skinnerian terms
that language is viewed largely as the result of habits formed
through reinforcements. It means that if a person is making
grammatical error it’s a bad habit and if not that’s a good habit.
Just like the example stated by the author that if a child makes a
grammatical error it is a bad habit and if it is not corrected by
the time the child grows up it will be hard for that child to speak
without committing grammatical errors.
The author also stated according to Chomsky in 1965, grammar
is transformational and generative, this means that new
utterances are continually being created, and meaning does not
remain static. He also stated that with brain structure called
Language Acquisition Device or LAD, we are able to process
language in such a way that they are patterned according again
to Chomsky. The author also stated that in this research there are
many scientists that made a theory about how our language from
baby to adult change and develop.
• Examples of this are the Preoperational stage in which the
child thinks his need to be the center of attention, The Concrete
Operational stage in which the child can make a formal
grammatical instruction, and finally the highest stage the
Cognitive development, in which the person is now capable of
understanding abstract concepts. This is the stages that
provided by the Piaget psychology development framework.
So, in conclusion the author aim about the research on Language
Acquisition is to provide the information of how language form
from baby to becoming an adult, He researched about the ideas
that relates to language paradigms that may be useful to make the
subject about the language paradigms senseful. He gathered some
materials like theories, stages and development on how language
develop over the time to strengthen his research.
 QUIZ
_____1.Helps that human beings to communicate with each other and give knowledge to each
other.
_____2. What stage the child thinks his need to be a center of attention.
_____3. This is the highest stage in which person is now capable of understanding abstract
concept.
_____4. According to a psychologist language is a result of a habit form through reinforcement.
_____5. The child can make a formal grammatical instruction.
_____6. Are summaries of projects or issues that reflect the interests, experience and
expertise of the writer or organization.
_____7. He proposed an idea that is similar to Chomsky which stated that a child learns in two
ways through spontaneous concepts and scientific concepts.
____8. He stated that with brain structure called Language Acquisition
Device or LAD, we are able to process language in such a way that they
are patterned.
9-10. What is the purpose of the concept paper?