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Lect-2 Parabolla and Ellipse Properties

This document summarizes an engineering graphics lecture on conic sections. It discusses the construction of parabolas and ellipses using various methods, including the directrix focus method. It also covers properties of parabolas and ellipses like tangents and normals. Homework includes constructing a hyperbola with given eccentricity using the directrix focus method.

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Sachin Sawant
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56 views36 pages

Lect-2 Parabolla and Ellipse Properties

This document summarizes an engineering graphics lecture on conic sections. It discusses the construction of parabolas and ellipses using various methods, including the directrix focus method. It also covers properties of parabolas and ellipses like tangents and normals. Homework includes constructing a hyperbola with given eccentricity using the directrix focus method.

Uploaded by

Sachin Sawant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WELCOME

1
Engineering Graphics - Lect 3
OUTCOMES
1. Other Defections of Conics
2. Construction of Parabola
3. Properties of Ellipse
4. Review of lecture

2
LAST LECTURE OVERVIEW
 Conic Section
 Definition of conic
 Eccentricity
 Vertex
 Directx
 Axis
 Directx Focus Method for Ellipse

3
DIRECTX FOCUS METHOD –FOR PARABOLA
 To construct a Parabola when the distance between focus
from the directrix is equal to 60, by directrix focus method
 Method of drawing parabola by directrix focus method is
same as explained before
 Only the position of the V is different, to fix the position of
V, Divide OF into two equal parts. Mark V at the mid of the
OF so that,
 Then repeat all the procedure.

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5
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PARABOLA–TANGENT AND NORAML

 To draw tangent and normal to the parabola at any point P


on it.

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Join point P with focus F.

12
Through F, draw a line perpendicular to PF
to meet the directrix AB at T.

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Join PT, which is tangent to the parabola at P.

Tangent

14
Draw a line PN through P perpendicular to
tangent PT, which is the required normal to
the parabola at P.

Normal

Tangent

15
HOME WORK

 To construct a Hyperbola when the distance between focus from


the directrix is equal to 60 and eccentricity =3/2, by
directrix focus method
 To draw tangent and normal to the Hyperbola at any point P on it.

16
ELLIPSE
 It is defined as a path generated by a point moving in one
plane in such a way that sum of its distance from fixed
points (foci) remains constant and it is equal to the major
axis.

 Ellipse can be used for making arches, stone bridges,


glands, stuffing boxes etc.
Ellipse is defined as a path generated by a point moving in one
plane in such a way that sum of its distance from fixed points (foci)
remains constant and it is equal to the major axis.

P1F1+P1F2=C=AB
P1F1+P1F2=C=AB...PROOF

 Now consider one moving point P1

 Now according to the definition of ellipse…

 (CF1+CF2)= (AF1+AF2) = (P1F1+P1F2) =C

 But AF1=BF2

 So AF2+BF2=AB

 (P1F1+P1F2)=AB is proved. __________________1


CONT…
 Another property of the ellipse, CF1=CF2=1/2 (AB), can
be proved as follows,

 (CF1+CF2)=AB

 CF1=CF2

 2CF1=2CF2=AB

 CF1=CF2=1/2 (AB) or half of major axis ________2


20
APPLICATION OF THERMOS
 IF only AB and CD are given and it is necessary to find out the
positions of F1 and F2.
 In this case draw major axis AB and minor axis CD on drawing
page.
 Take a radius ½ (AB) in compass and draw arcs on the major
axis with C or D as a center point on the right and left side of O.
We will get the position of the F1 and F2.
APPLICATION OF THERMOS
 Sometime A, B, F1 and F2 are known and it is supposed to
find out positions of C and D.
 Fix the position of the A, B, F1 and F2 on major axis.
 Then taking F1 or F2, as a centre and radius ½ (AB) draw arcs on
minor axis on the both sides of the major axis, these are the
positions of the C and D.
APPLICATION OF THERMOS
 If C, D, F1 and F2 are given then to find the positions of A
and B, apply similar procedure.
 Fix the position of the C and D on minor axis as well as F1 and
F2 on major axis, then measure the distance CF1.
 With O as a centre and CF1 as radius, draw arcs on major axis on
the both sides of the O, these are the positions of the A and B.
METHODS TO DRAW ELLIPSE
 Directrix Focus Method – Done
 Concentric Circles Method
 Rectangle or oblong Method
 Arcs of circle method
CONCENTRIC CIRCLES METHOD
 To draw an ellipse by concentric circles method, give major
and minor axis as 80mm and 50mm respectively.
Let AB and CD represent the major and minor axe respectively.
Draw two axes AB and CD, intersecting each other at right angles
at O.
With O as a centre, describe two circles of radii equal to half of the
major and minor axis. i.e. OA and OC respectively.
Divide the major axis into 12 (or any suitable no) equal parts and mark
them 1, 2, 3 etc.
Draw radial lines joining 1, 2, 3 etc. points with the centre O there by
cutting minor circle at point 1’, 2’, 3’ etc.
Through point 1´ draw a line parallel to the major axis
Through point 1, draw a line parallel to the minor axis

F.E. (Graphics) - Nilesh Sabnis


Those lines intersects at point P1. This P1 is required point on the
locus of an ellipse.
Similarly obtain more points P2, P3, P4 etc.
Draw smooth curve through it which is required ellipse.

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