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    Pronunciation

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    Assem
    The document outlines various techniques for teaching pronunciation, including explaining how sounds are made, contrasting minimal word pairs that differ by one sound, using triplets or multiple words to contrast vowels and consonants, having students identify whether words are the same or different, practicing rhyming words and vowel sounds, and providing word banks for improvisation. It also discusses techniques for teaching stress patterns in words using capitalization, dots and dashes, or question forms, as well as signaling intonation contours through hand gestures or chalk lines.

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    Pronunciation

    Uploaded by

    Assem
    39 views11 pages
    The document outlines various techniques for teaching pronunciation, including explaining how sounds are made, contrasting minimal word pairs that differ by one sound, using triplets or multiple words to contrast vowels and consonants, having students identify whether words are the same or different, practicing rhyming words and vowel sounds, and providing word banks for improvisation. It also discusses techniques for teaching stress patterns in words using capitalization, dots and dashes, or question forms, as well as signaling intonation contours through hand gestures or chalk lines.

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    The document outlines various techniques for teaching pronunciation, including explaining how sounds are made, contrasting minimal word pairs that differ by one sound, using triplets or multiple words to contrast vowels and consonants, having students identify whether words are the same or different, practicing rhyming words and vowel sounds, and providing word banks for improvisation. It also discusses techniques for teaching stress patterns in words using capitalization, dots and dashes, or question forms, as well as signaling intonation contours through hand gestures or chalk lines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    39 views11 pages

    Pronunciation

    Uploaded by

    Assem
    The document outlines various techniques for teaching pronunciation, including explaining how sounds are made, contrasting minimal word pairs that differ by one sound, using triplets or multiple words to contrast vowels and consonants, having students identify whether words are the same or different, practicing rhyming words and vowel sounds, and providing word banks for improvisation. It also discusses techniques for teaching stress patterns in words using capitalization, dots and dashes, or question forms, as well as signaling intonation contours through hand gestures or chalk lines.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Pronunciation: sounds and spellings

    Teaching techniques
    There are two approaches
    • One way is to explain how the sound is made
    (manner of articulation).
    • The other way is to contrast two related
    sounds until such time as they begin to hear
    the difference, after which they should be able
    to reproduce the sounds.
    Minimal pairs
    This is an exercise in aural discrimination. Minimal
    pairs are pairs of words that differ in only one
    feature ( ring/ rang, sun/some, peer/beer, fit/feet,
    etc).
    You begin by giving a clear model and, if necessary,
    an explanation of the position of the organs of
    speech. The word pairs are chosen because of a
    crucial phonological distinction. This may be a
    vowel (by/boy, ship/sheep, walk/ work,
    nurse/nice) or a consonant (fan/van, lip/rip,
    path/pass, dare/there).
    Triplets
    This time, three sounds are contrasted instead
    of two. Pictures have been sketched on the
    blackboard, instead of the written words.
    Two phoneme contrasts
    Many different words can be put on the
    blackboard at the same time, to contrast the
    two sounds which are the focus of listening
    and speaking practice. This increases the level
    of challenge, so the activity becomes more like
    a game.
    Multiple contrasts
    It is easy to contrive similar word sets, in which only
    one vowel or consonant is different. Begin with two
    or three words and add new sounds as the students
    increase their ability to discriminate between them.
     
    Same or different?
    This is the simplest of the several varieties of contrast
    exercises that develop the students' ability to
    perceive distinctive features. You just pronounce
    two words and the class has to call out same or
    different.
    Rhyming words
    This is an enjoyable way of practising aural
    discrimination and pronunciation while at the
    same time conducting a review of recently
    taught lexical items. Choose a few stimulus
    words which contain sounds which give
    difficulties of pronunciation.
    Identifying the vowel sound
    The aim of this activity is to develop the ability to
    identify specified vowels, but again you are revising
    vocabulary at the same time. The sounds to be
    identified can be represented by head-words that
    the class already knows or by pictures.
    Word bank improvisation
    This exercise is based on a word bank, composed of
    words the students know but which have difficult
    sounds. The words should really be written on a
    poster to save class time. The activity is enjoyable
    and creative.
    STRESS
    • Stress is the articulation of a syllable with
    greater emphasis, or more force, than others.
    In most cases the pattern has to be learned
    with each new word as part of the
    pronunciation.
    Content words are normally nouns, adjectives,
    verbs or adverbs.
    Function words are auxiliaries, pronouns,
    modals, determiners and prepositions
    Teaching stress and rhythm patterns
    • Highlighting
    • Capital letters
    • Dots and dashes
    • Decoding telegrams (Delayed. Arriving late. Meet Waterloo
    Station, exit platform.)
    • Key word dictation
    • WH- question
    TEACHER: I saw Mrs Jones in the butchers this morning.
    I saw Mrs Jones in the butcher's this morning.
    INTONATION
    Techniques for focusing on intonation
    • Signaling contours by hand
    • Signaling contours by chalk lines
    • Echo questions I've forgotten my book!
    You've forgotten your book?

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