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7 PHP MVC Frameworks REST Controllers and Routing

Controllers handle web requests and return responses. Routes map URLs to controller actions. Requests are received and responses are returned using Request and Response objects. RESTful APIs follow conventions for CRUD operations using HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, and DELETE and returning JSON or XML responses.

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Nguyen Tuan Kiet (FGW DN)
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© © All Rights Reserved
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64 views

7 PHP MVC Frameworks REST Controllers and Routing

Controllers handle web requests and return responses. Routes map URLs to controller actions. Requests are received and responses are returned using Request and Response objects. RESTful APIs follow conventions for CRUD operations using HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, and DELETE and returning JSON or XML responses.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Tuan Kiet (FGW DN)
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REST Controllers and Routing

Controllers, Routes, Responses


Table of Contents

• Controller
• Routing
• Request and Response
• REST

2
CONTROLLER
Controller

• Only concerned with Controlling


• Not responsible for the doing
• Takes care of web specific stuff like authentication,
cookies, request variables, query string

4
Controller

php bin/console make:controller

5
Controller

Location: src/Controller directory

6
Controller

• Controller names should end with "Controller"


• Controller action names should end with "Action"

7
Controller

• Must always return Response:

• 5-10-20 rule:
– 5 or less class variables
– 10 or less actions
– 20 or less lines of code for each action
8
Controller
• Requests, Controller, Response Lifecycle

9
Controller

• Symfony’s Base Controller


• Provides access to helper methods and the service
container
• Won’t change your controller workflow

10
Controller
• Symfony’s Base Controller - helper methods example

• Symfony’s Base Controller - services example

11
Controller

• Example

12
Routing
Routes and Mapping to Controller
Routing
• Process of breaking the URL into components and
deciding what script to call

14
Routing

• Four ways to define routes:


– Annotations
– YAML
– XML
– PHP
• Only one type of configuration is allowed
• No difference in execution time

15
Routing

• Annotation: @Route

16
Routing

• Configure different HTTP methods for the route


– Annotation: @Method

17
Routing

• Route Parameters
• Annotation

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Routing

• Route Parameters
• Additional parameters are converted to query parameters
• Parameters names passed to the controller must match route
parameters names
• Parameters and route parameters names must be the same

19
Request & Response
Request & Response

• Symfony Application Lifecycle

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Request & Response

Symfony Application Lifecycle


• Client sends an HTTP Request
• For each request the front controller is executed Index file

(app.php or app_dev.php)
• Router component matches the request and execute
controller
• Response object is returned

22
Request & Response

• Request • Import the Request Object in controller class

• To use it in your controller type-hint it with the Request


class

23
Request & Response

• Request Examples:

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Request & Response

• Response
• Import the Response Object in controller class

25
Request & Response
JsonResponse

26
Request & Response

• Response Content-Types
– json - application/json
– xml - application/xml
– png image - image/png
– html - text/html
– full list of content types: developer.mozilla.org

27
Request & Response
Set Conten-type Examples
• Set Content-type Examples

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REST

• What is REST?
– REpresentational State Transfer
• Interface from one program to another
• REST is stateless
• REST is resource based

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REST & HTTP

• Request methods:
– GET - Get resource
– POST - Create resource
– PUT - Update resource
– PATCH - Partly update resource
– DELETE - Delete resource
– HEAD - Get headers for resource
• Response: json, xml

30
Summary

 Controllers – Create controllers, actions,


5-10-20 rule
 Routing – Define routes, configuration,
route parameters
 Request & Response – Request methods,
Response types
 REST – Rest concepts, REST URIs,
Responses

31

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