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1.2 Humans Try To Control Nature

Humans began developing agriculture around 10,000 years ago as nomadic groups discovered that scattering and planting seeds led to growing crops. This Neolithic Revolution led to a shift from hunter-gatherer societies to more settled agricultural societies with a reliable food source. The development of farming allowed populations to grow substantially. Early farming techniques included slash-and-burn agriculture and the domestication of animals such as goats, pigs, and dogs to ensure a steady food supply. One of the earliest sites of farming around 9,000 years ago was located in Jarmo in modern-day Iraq.

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120 views17 pages

1.2 Humans Try To Control Nature

Humans began developing agriculture around 10,000 years ago as nomadic groups discovered that scattering and planting seeds led to growing crops. This Neolithic Revolution led to a shift from hunter-gatherer societies to more settled agricultural societies with a reliable food source. The development of farming allowed populations to grow substantially. Early farming techniques included slash-and-burn agriculture and the domestication of animals such as goats, pigs, and dogs to ensure a steady food supply. One of the earliest sites of farming around 9,000 years ago was located in Jarmo in modern-day Iraq.

Uploaded by

재인최
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section 2

Humans Try to
Control Nature
The development of agriculture causes
an increase in population and the growth
of a settled way of life.
SECT

Humans Try to Control Nature


ION
2

Early Advances in Technology and Art


Tools Needed to Survive
• Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) humans were nomads—
moved in search of food
• Hunted animals, collected plant foods
— were hunter-gatherers
• Cro-Magnons had more than 100 specialized tools;
bone needles to sew
Artistic Expressions in the Paleolithic Age

Early modern humans created art:

- cave paintings, animal sculptures,


rock engravings and paintings
- jewelry of sea shells, lion teeth, bear claws
- polished beads from mammoth tusks
SECT

The Beginnings of Agriculture


ION
2

The Neolithic Revolution

• Neolithic Revolution—agricultural revolution,


began about 10,000 years ago
• Nomadic women scattered seeds,
then discovered crops growing
• Shift from food-gathering
to food-production was a great breakthrough

From Food Shortage to Food Surplus


SECT

The Beginnings of Agriculture


ION
2

Causes of the Agricultural Revolution

• Rising temperatures probably a key reason


• Longer growing season, drier land for wild grasses
• Constant supply of food led to population growth
SECT
ION
2 The Beginnings of Agriculture

Early Farming Methods

• Slash-and-burn farming — clear land by cutting


and burning trees (why?)

• Farmers moved to new area after year or two (why?)

NEXT
SECT
ION
2 The Beginnings of Agriculture
Domestication of Animals

• Domestication — taming wild animals to ensure a


constant source of food

• Hunters and farmers tamed horses, dogs, goats, and pigs


SECT
ION
2 The Beginnings of Agriculture

Agriculture in Jarmo

• Site in northeastern Iraq where people farmed


9,000 years ago

• Wild grasses, goats, pigs, sheep, horses thrived


near Zagros Mountains

Gobekli Tepe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqU7i3XPz1Q
SECT

Villages Grow and Prosper


ION
2

Farming Develops in Many Places


• Farming in Africa, China, Mexico and Central America, Peru
• Different crops developed in different areas

NEXT
SECT
ION
2 Villages Grow and Prosper

Catal Huyuk
• Farming thrived here 8,000 years ago;
located in modern Turkey
• Population of 5,000 to 6,000 grew crops,
raised sheep and cattle
• Made pottery, wove baskets,
traded valuable obsidian
• In 1958, remains of village found;
wall paintings, religious shrines

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