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Galloping

Galloping occurs when steady winds blow over conductors coated with ice, causing them to oscillate elliptically at frequencies below 1 Hz with amplitudes of several feet. It more readily affects bundled conductors. For design purposes in the AESO method, conductors must withstand galloping under weather conditions of 12.5 mm of radial ice, 96 Pa wind at 0°C. Clearances between galloping envelopes must meet flashover standards. The CIGRE report notes galloping is caused by crosswinds over asymmetrically iced conductors, with frequencies from 0.1-1 Hz and amplitudes from 0.1-1 times the sag.

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117 views5 pages

Galloping

Galloping occurs when steady winds blow over conductors coated with ice, causing them to oscillate elliptically at frequencies below 1 Hz with amplitudes of several feet. It more readily affects bundled conductors. For design purposes in the AESO method, conductors must withstand galloping under weather conditions of 12.5 mm of radial ice, 96 Pa wind at 0°C. Clearances between galloping envelopes must meet flashover standards. The CIGRE report notes galloping is caused by crosswinds over asymmetrically iced conductors, with frequencies from 0.1-1 Hz and amplitudes from 0.1-1 times the sag.

Uploaded by

Nagendra Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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REA Bulletin 1724E-200

• Galloping usually occurs only when a steady, moderate wind blows


over a conductor covered by a layer of ice deposited by freezing rain,
mist or sleet.
• During galloping, the conductors oscillate elliptically at frequencies
on the order of 1-Hz or less with vertical amplitudes of several feet.
Sometimes two loops appear, superimposed on one basic loop.
• Single-loop galloping rarely occurs in spans over 600 to 700 feet.
• In double-loop galloping, the maximum amplitude usually occurs at
the quarter span points and is smaller than that resulting from single-
loop galloping.
• To avoid contact between phase conductors or between phase
conductors and overhead ground wires, none of the conductor
ellipses should touch one another.
REA Bulletin 1724E-200
• However, if galloping is expected to be infrequent and of minimal
severity, there may be situations where allowing ellipses to overlap
may be the favored design choice when economics are considered.
• However, galloping of ice coated conductors will occur more readily
and more severely on bundled lines than on single conductors in the
same environment.
AESO Section 502.2
• A bulk transmission line which is required to be designed to withstand one
hundred year (100) year return loadings must also be designed for conductor
galloping.
• For design purposes, the galloping envelope condition must be assumed to be
twelve point five (12.5) mm of radial glaze ice and 96 Pa wind at zero (0) degrees
Celsius and with final condition wire sags.
• The electrical clearance between galloping envelopes must be the sixty (60) Hz
flashover value, either phase to phase or phase to ground, depending upon
which two (2) galloping envelopes are being compared.
• If the functional specification for a connection project under this Section 502.2
specifies a compact line design or the use of any existing towers and the galloping
envelope design and clearances as set out in subsections 24(2), (3) and (4) cannot
be met, then the project functional specification must contain a further provision
that the compact line design or existing towers must include interphase spacers.
AESO Section 502.2
• Note the following assumptions for the AESO method:
• The weather case for sag should have 12.5mm radial glaze ice with 900 kg/m^3
and a 96Pa wind at 0 deg C.
• The major axis will never be allowed to exceed 12m.
• The galloping polygon is formed by two ellipses each rotated by 5 degrees from
the vertical axis.
CIGRE Report 322
• Galloping is a low frequency, high amplitude wind induced vibration
of both single and bundle conductors, with a single or a few loops of
standing waves per span. Frequencies can range from 0.1 to 1 Hz and
amplitudes from ± 0.1 to ± 1 times the sag of the span.
• Galloping is generally caused by a moderately strong, steady
crosswind acting upon an asymmetrically iced conductor surface.
• Winds approximately normal to the line with a speed above a few
m/s are usually required and it cannot be assumed that there is
necessarily an upper wind speed limit.
• Note the following assumptions for Cigre Report 322:
 The weather case for sag should be "unloaded at 0 deg C".
 Results for bundled conductors are only valid up to a wind speed of 10m/s.

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