The document discusses solving optimization problems by finding relative and absolute extrema. It explains how to use the first and second derivative tests to determine if a critical number is a relative maximum or minimum. Examples are provided of applying these concepts to find the dimensions of shapes that optimize a given objective like area, volume, or cost.
The document discusses solving optimization problems by finding relative and absolute extrema. It explains how to use the first and second derivative tests to determine if a critical number is a relative maximum or minimum. Examples are provided of applying these concepts to find the dimensions of shapes that optimize a given objective like area, volume, or cost.
The document discusses solving optimization problems by finding relative and absolute extrema. It explains how to use the first and second derivative tests to determine if a critical number is a relative maximum or minimum. Examples are provided of applying these concepts to find the dimensions of shapes that optimize a given objective like area, volume, or cost.
The document discusses solving optimization problems by finding relative and absolute extrema. It explains how to use the first and second derivative tests to determine if a critical number is a relative maximum or minimum. Examples are provided of applying these concepts to find the dimensions of shapes that optimize a given objective like area, volume, or cost.
for all First-Derivative Test for Relative Extrema If for some open interval [a, b] containing c, 1. f'(x) > 0 when a < x < c and f'(x) < 0 when c < x < b, then f(c) is a relative maximum of f 2. f'(x) < 0 when a < x < c and f'(x) > 0 when c < x < b, then f(c) is a relative minimum of f
Consider f'(x) = −1 < 0 for all x < 0 and f'(x) = 1 > 0 for all x > 0 f has a relative minimum at 0 Relative Extrema Occur Only at Critical Numbers If f has a relative extremum at c, then either f'(c) = 0 or f'(c) does not exist.
Consider f'(x) = 1 for all x ≠ 0 and f'(0) does not exists, 0 is the only critical number of f we only test for relative extrema at 0 Second-Derivative Test for Relative Extrema If f'(c) = 0 and 1. f''(c) < 0, then f has a relative maximum at c 2. f''(c) > 0, then f has a relative minimum at c
Find all critical numbers and identify any relative extrema:
f'(x) = 2x − 2 f'(c) = 0 if and only if c = 1 the only critical number is 1
f''(1) = 2 > 0 f has a relative minimum at 1 Find the dimensions of the rectangle of greatest area that can be inscribed in a circle of radius r.
Maximum area: Absolute Extrema at Lone Critical Points on Open Intervals Let I be any interval (closed, open, half-closed, infinite) and f be a function continuous on I. If c is the only critical number of f in I and 1. f(c) is a relative minimum, then it is also the absolute minimum of f on I 2. f(c) is a relative maximum, then it is also the absolute maximum of f on I Find two positive numbers whose product is 1 and whose sum is a minimum.
f''(1) = 2 > 0, f has a relative minimum at x = 1
f also has an absolute minimum at x = 1 the two required positive numbers are 1 and 1 A closed rectangular box having a square base is to be constructed so that its volume is 2000in3. If the material for the top and bottom of the box costs 20 pesos per square inch while the material for the sides costs 10 pesos per square inch, what should be the dimensions of the box so that the total cost of material is least?
: side of square : height of box : cost of top and bottom : total cost : cost of each side : cost of all sides the dimensions of the box that will minimize the cost are: 10 inches for each side of the square base, and 20 for the height Exercises 1. Find two positive numbers with a sum of 12, such that the product of the square of first number and the second is a maximum. 2. A rectangle is inscribed in a circle with diameter 8cm. Find the dimensions of the rectangle such that the area would be a maximum. 3. A cylinder is to be made from a rectangle (by revolving it about its edges) with a perimeter of 12in. Find the maximum volume the cylinder can have.
