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Synchronization in Java

Synchronization in Java allows controlling access to shared resources by multiple threads. There are two types of synchronization: process and thread synchronization. Thread synchronization includes mutual exclusive and inter-thread communication approaches. Mutual exclusive helps prevent thread interference and consistency issues using synchronized methods, blocks, or static synchronization to lock an object and control access to shared resources within its scope.

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Jyothsna Yenumula
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845 views11 pages

Synchronization in Java

Synchronization in Java allows controlling access to shared resources by multiple threads. There are two types of synchronization: process and thread synchronization. Thread synchronization includes mutual exclusive and inter-thread communication approaches. Mutual exclusive helps prevent thread interference and consistency issues using synchronized methods, blocks, or static synchronization to lock an object and control access to shared resources within its scope.

Uploaded by

Jyothsna Yenumula
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Synchronization in Java

Synchronization in Java

• Synchronization in Java is the capability to control the


access of multiple threads to any shared resource.

• Java Synchronization is better option where we want to


allow only one thread to access the shared resource.
Why use Synchronization?

• The synchronization is mainly used to

1.To prevent thread interference.


2.To prevent Consistency problem
Types of Synchronization

• There are two types of synchronization

1.Process Synchronization
2.Thread Synchronization
• Here, we will discuss only thread synchronization.
Thread Synchronization

• There are two types of thread synchronization mutual


exclusive and inter-thread communication.

1.Mutual Exclusive
1.Synchronized method.
2.Synchronized block.
3.Static synchronization.
2.Cooperation (Inter-thread communication in java)
Mutual Exclusive

• Mutual Exclusive helps keep threads from interfering with one another
while sharing data.

• It can be achieved by using the following three ways:

1. By Using Synchronized Method


2. By Using Synchronized Block
3. By Using Static Synchronization
Concept of Lock in Java

• Synchronization is built around an internal entity known as the lock or


monitor.

• Every object has a lock associated with it. By convention, a thread that
needs consistent access to an object's fields has to acquire the object's
lock before accessing them, and then release the lock when it's done
with them.

• From Java 5 the package java.util.concurrent.locks contains several lock


implementations.
(i)Synchronized Method
• If you declare any method as synchronized, it is known as
synchronized method.

• Synchronized method is used to lock an object for any shared


resource.

• When a thread invokes a synchronized method, it automatically


acquires the lock for that object and releases it when the thread
completes its task.
Synchronized Block in Java:
• Synchronized block can be used to perform synchronization on any
specific resource of the method.

• Suppose we have 50 lines of code in our method, but we want to


synchronize only 5 lines, in such cases, we can use synchronized block.

• If we put all the codes of the method in the synchronized block, it will
work same as the synchronized method.
Continuee..(Points to Remember)
• Synchronized block is used to lock an object for any shared resource.
• Scope of synchronized block is smaller than the method.
• A Java synchronized block doesn't allow more than one JVM, to
provide access control to a shared resource.
• The system performance may degrade because of the slower working
of synchronized keyword.
• Java synchronized block is more efficient than Java synchronized
method.
Syntax

• synchronized (object reference expression) {


• //code block
•}

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