General

Mathematics
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS
AND ITS
REPRESENTATIONS,
RATIONAL EQUATIONS
& RATIONAL
INEQUALITIES
AT THE END OF THE
LESSON, YOU MUST BE
distinguish
ABLE TO: rational function, rational
equation, and rational inequality;
represent real-life situations using
rational functions by means of table
of values, graphs, and equations.
solve rational equations and
inequalities.
Let’s
solve
this!
Marvin can finish
his Mathematics
portfolio in 3 hours
while Angeline can
finish the same job
in 5 hours. If their
teacher asks them
in finishing the
mathematics
portfolio, how long
will it take them
to finish the work?
STEP 1: Portion of the work
Marvin = in an hour= 1/x

Can finish the work

Angeline = together = x
STEP 2:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
+ =
𝟑 𝟓 𝒙
STEP 3:
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
+ =
𝟑 𝟓 𝒙

𝟏𝟓 𝒙 ( 𝟏
𝟑
+
𝟏
𝟓
=
𝟏
𝒙 ) 𝟏𝟓 𝒙

𝟓 𝒙 + 𝟑 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟓
STEP 3:
𝟓 𝒙 + 𝟑 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟓
𝟖 𝒙 =𝟏𝟓
x
𝟖 𝒙 𝟏𝟓
=
𝟖 𝟖
RATIONAL
is an expression
EXPRESSION that
can be written as a
ratio of two
polynomials.
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Identify whether the following algebraic
expression is rational or not.
𝟐
𝒙 +𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟐
𝒙+𝟒
Rational Algebraic
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Identify whether the following algebraic
expression is rational or not.

𝟏
𝟐
𝟑𝒙
Rational Algebraic
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Identify whether the following algebraic
expression is rational or not.
𝟐
𝒙 +𝟒 𝒙 − 𝟑
𝟐
Rational Algebraic
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Identify whether the following algebraic
expression is rational or not.

√ 𝒙 +𝟏
𝟑
𝒙 −𝟏
Not a Rational Algebraic
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Identify whether the given is a rational function, a
rational equation, or a rational inequality.

𝟐 𝟑 𝟏
− =
𝒙 𝟐𝒙 𝟓
Rational Equation
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Identify whether the given is a rational function, a
rational equation, or a rational inequality.

𝟓 𝟐
≤
𝒙 −𝟑 𝒙
Rational Inequality
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Identify whether the given is a rational function, a
rational equation, or a rational inequality.
𝟐
𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙 +𝟑
𝒇 ( 𝒙)=
𝒙 +𝟏
Rational Function
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
Representation
s of Rational
Functions
 Some real-world
problems can be
modelled using
rational functions.
 We can represent
rational functions by
means of table of
values, equation,
and graph.
Representations of Rational Functions
Illustrative Example:
The local barangay received a
budget of Php100 000 to
provide medical check-ups for
the children in the barangay.
The amount is to be allotted
equally among all the
children in the barangay.
Representations of Rational Functions
Illustrative Example:
Let f(x) = allotted amount per
child
x = total number of
children
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝒇 ( 𝒙)=
𝒙
Representations of Rational Functions

𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝒇 ( 𝒙)=
𝒙
Representations of Rational Functions

𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝒇 ( 𝒙)=
𝒙
 Solving
Rational
Equations and
Inequalities
AT THE END OF THE
LESSON, YOU MUST BE
ABLE TO:rational equations and
solve
inequalities.
Groupwork
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Steps in Solving Rational Equations:
1. Write the restriction/s.
2. Find the Least Common
multiple of the
Denominators (LCD).
3. Multiply both sides of the
equation by the LCD.
4. Solve the equation.
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Solve the following rational equations:

𝟑 𝟏 𝟓
+ =
𝒙 𝟐 𝒙
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Solve the following rational equations:
𝑹𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 : 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎
( )𝟐 𝒙
𝟑
𝒙
+
𝟏
𝟐
=
𝟓
𝒙

𝟔+ 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎
𝒙 =𝟒
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Solve the following rational equations:

𝟐 𝒙
= − 𝟒
𝒙 −𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟐
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Solve the following rational equations:
𝑹𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 : 𝒙 ≠ 𝟐
𝟐 𝒙
( ) 𝒙
𝒙 −𝟐
=
𝒙 − 𝟐
− 𝟒 −𝟐

𝟐= 𝒙 − (𝟒 𝒙 − 𝟖)
𝟐= 𝒙 − 𝟒 𝒙 +𝟖
-6 𝒙 =𝟐
❤ Thank
you🎉
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Is it valid to multiply both sides of an inequality
by a variable? Why or why not?

It is not valid to
multiply both sides of
an inequality by a
variable. Recall that :
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Is it valid to multiply both sides of an inequality
by a variable? Why or why not?

• multiplying both
sides of an
inequality by a
positive number
retains the direction
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Is it valid to multiply both sides of an inequality
by a variable? Why or why not?
• multiplying both
sides of an
inequality by a
negative number
reverses the
direction of the
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Is it valid to multiply both sides of an inequality
by a variable? Why or why not?
Since the sign of a
variable is unknown,
then it is not valid to
multiply both sides of
an inequality by a
variable.
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Steps in Solving Rational Inequalities:
1. Rewrite the inequality as
a single fraction on one
side of the inequality
symbol and 0 on the other
side. (Make sure that both
the numerator and
denominator are
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Steps in Solving Rational Inequalities:

2. Find the critical values

for both numerator and
denominator. These
values will make the
numerator and
denominator equal to
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Steps in Solving Rational Inequalities:

3. Determine the
intervals or regions on
the number line
determined by these
critical values.
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Steps in Solving Rational Inequalities:

4. Choose a test
number in each
interval or region.
5. Inspect the signs of
the numerator and
denominator in these
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Steps in Solving Rational Inequalities:

6. Inspect the sign of

the rational expression
in each interval.
7. Choose the interval
or region that satisfies
the inequality.
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Solve the following rational inequalities:

𝟐 𝒙
≥ 𝟏
𝒙 +𝟏
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Solve the following rational equations:

𝟐 𝒙
≥ 𝟏 𝟐 𝒙
𝒙 +𝟏 −𝟏 ≥ 𝟎
𝒙 +𝟏

𝟐 𝒙 − 𝒙 − 𝟏
≥ 𝟎
𝒙 +𝟏
Solving Rational Equations and
Inequalities
Solve the following rational equations:

𝒙 − 𝟏
≥ 𝟎
𝒙 +𝟏