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Day 5 - HCF and LCM

This document provides information about calculating the highest common factor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) of two numbers. It explains that the HCF is the largest number that divides both numbers, while the LCM is the smallest number that is a multiple of both numbers. Examples are given of finding the HCF and LCM through listing factors or using prime factorizations. Students will learn to calculate the HCF and LCM of two numbers and use prime factorizations to find the HCF and LCM.

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Eng. Heba El Mesallamy
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183 views17 pages

Day 5 - HCF and LCM

This document provides information about calculating the highest common factor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) of two numbers. It explains that the HCF is the largest number that divides both numbers, while the LCM is the smallest number that is a multiple of both numbers. Examples are given of finding the HCF and LCM through listing factors or using prime factorizations. Students will learn to calculate the HCF and LCM of two numbers and use prime factorizations to find the HCF and LCM.

Uploaded by

Eng. Heba El Mesallamy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HCF AND LCM

Year 9 Maths

1
Do Now:
1. Write all the factors of 64
2. Write the first 5 multiples of 64
3. Draw the prime factorisations tree
of 64 . Write 64 as the product of its
prime factors in the index form .

2
HCF and LCM

Lesson Objectives: Key Words:

• Students will be able to : • HCF


1. Calculate the HCF and LCM of 2 • LCM
numbers
2. Calculate the HCF and LCM of 2
numbers using prime
factorisation

3
The lowest common multiple
The lowest common multiple (or LCM) of two numbers is
the smallest number that is a multiple of both the numbers.

We can find this by writing down the first few multiples for both
numbers until we find a number that is in both lists.

For example,

Multiples of 20 are : 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, . .


.
Multiples of 25 are : 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, . .
.
The LCM of 20 and 25 is 100.
The lowest common multiple

What is the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 8 and 10?

The first ten multiples of 8


are:
8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 …

The first ten multiples of 10


are:
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 …

The lowest common multiple (LCM) of 8 and 10 is 40.


Find the LCM of 10 and 15

Multiples of 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60


Multiples of 15: 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90

The lowest common multiple is 30


Find the lowest common
multiple of 12 and 8

Multiples of 12: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60

Multiples of 8: 8, 16, 24, 32, 40

24
Find the lowest common
multiple of 10 and 6

Multiples of 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60

Multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36

30
The highest common factor

The highest common factor (or HCF) of two numbers


is the highest number that is a factor of both numbers.
We can find the highest common factor of two numbers by
writing down all their factors and finding the largest factor in
both lists.
For example,

Factors of 36 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36.


are :
Factors of 45 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45.
are :
The HCF of 36 and 45 is 9.
The highest common factor
What is the highest common factor (HCF) of 24 and
30?
The factors of 24 are:
1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24

The factors of 30 are:

1 2 3 5 6 10 15 30

The highest common factor (HCF) of 24 and 30 is 6.


You can find the highest common factor (HCF)
of two numbers by listing all the factors of
both numbers.

Find the HCF of 24 and 40


Factors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
Factors of 40: 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40

The highest common factor is 8


Find the highest common
factor of 24 and 42
Factors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24

Factors of 42: 1, 2, 6, 7, 14, 42

6
Find the highest common factor of
15 and 20

Factors of 15: 1, 3, 5, 15

Factors of 20: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20

5
Using prime factors to find the HCF and LCM
• Calculate the HCF and LCM of 48 and 60

48 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
60 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5

HCF = 2 x 2 x3 = 12

LCM = 12x 2x2x5 = 240


Using prime factors to find the HCF and LCM
We can use the prime factor decomposition to find the HCF
and LCM of larger numbers.
For example,
60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
Find the HCF and the LCM of 60 and 294. 294 = 2 × 3 × 7 × 7
2 60 2 294
2 30 3 147 HCF = 2 x3 = 6
3 15 7 49
5 5 7 7 LCM = 6 x 2x5x7x7
1 1 = 2940
16
Numbers

Plenary: Success Criteria: Assignment:

17

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