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OSCILLOSCOPE

This document provides an overview of oscilloscopes. It discusses the basic principles of how an oscilloscope works using a cathode ray tube (CRT) to display electrical signals as traces on its screen. Key components of an oscilloscope are described, including the vertical amplifier to magnify input signals, sweep generator to control the horizontal deflection of the beam, and various types of oscilloscopes such as storage and digital oscilloscopes. The document also covers CRT features like screen size and phosphor, operating voltages, and deflection sensitivities. Block diagrams illustrate the basic functions and components of simple, storage, and digital storage oscilloscopes.

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120 views19 pages

OSCILLOSCOPE

This document provides an overview of oscilloscopes. It discusses the basic principles of how an oscilloscope works using a cathode ray tube (CRT) to display electrical signals as traces on its screen. Key components of an oscilloscope are described, including the vertical amplifier to magnify input signals, sweep generator to control the horizontal deflection of the beam, and various types of oscilloscopes such as storage and digital oscilloscopes. The document also covers CRT features like screen size and phosphor, operating voltages, and deflection sensitivities. Block diagrams illustrate the basic functions and components of simple, storage, and digital storage oscilloscopes.

Uploaded by

akshaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OSCILLOSCOPE

ANJANI
ASST.
PROFESSOR
DEPT OF ECE
Lesson plan:
Sl Topic Date Date Remark
No planned engaged
1. Basic principles, CRT features, Simple
CRO

2. Vertical amplifier, sweep and time


generator
3. Storage oscilloscope, Digital readout
oscilloscope
4. Probes for CRO, horizontal deflection
system
5. Digital storage oscilloscope
Introduction
The Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) is very
versatile tool for the development of electronic
circuits and systems.
The CRO allows the amplitude of electrical
signals, whether they are voltage, current, or
power, to be displayed as a function of time.
The CRO depends on the movement of an electron
beam, which is bombarded (impinged) on a screen
coated with a fluorescent material, to produce a
visible spot.
Introduction
If the electron beam is deflected on both the
conventional axes, i.e. -X-axis and y-axis, a two
dimensional display is produced.
Completely electronic in nature, the oscilloscope
can reproduce HF waves which are too fast for
electro mechanical devices to follow.
The oscilloscope is thus a kind of voltmeter which
uses beam instead of a pointer, and kind of
recorder which uses an electron beam instead of a
pen.
Basic principles:
CRT features:
1. Screen Size :
Screen diameter of CRTs for oscilloscopes are
available in sizes of 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7inches.
 3 inches is most common for portable
instruments.
For example a CRT having a number 5GP1.
The first number 5 indicates that it is a 5 inch
tube.
Both round and rectangular CRTs are found in
scopes today.
CRT features:
2. Phosphor :
The screen is coated with a fluorescent material
called phosphor.
This material determines the colour and
persistence of the trace, both of which are
indicated by the phosphor.
P1 — Green medium
P2 — Blue green medium
P5 — Blue very short
P11 — Blue short
CRT features:
3. Operating Voltages:
 The CRT requires a heater voltage of 6.3 volts ac or dc
at 600mA.
 Several dc voltages are listed below. The voltages vary
with the type of tube used.
(i) Negative grid (control) voltage - 14 V to – 200 V.
(ii) Positive anode no. 1 (focusing anode) – 100 V to - 1100 V
(iii) Positive anode no. 2 (accelerating anode) 600 V to 6000
V
(iv) Positive anode no. 3 (accelerating anode) 200 V to 20000
V in some cases
CRT features:
4. Deflection Voltages :
Either ac or dc voltage will deflect the beam.
 The distance through which the spot moves on
the screen is proportional to the dc, or peak ac
amplitude.
The deflection sensitivity of the tube is usually
stated as the dc voltage (or peak ac voltage)
required for each cm of deflection of the spot on
the screen.
CRT features:
5. Viewing Screen :
The viewing screen is the glass face plate, the
inside wall of which is coated with phosphor.
The viewing screen is a rectangular screen
having graticules marked on it. The standard
size used nowadays is 8 cm x 10 cm (8 cm on
the vertical and 10 cm on horizontal).
Each centimeter on the graticule corresponds to
one division (div). The standard phosphor
colour used nowadays is blue.
Block diagram of oscilloscope:
Simple CRO:
Vertical amplifier:
Sweep or time base generator:
Storage oscilloscope
Digital readout oscilloscope
Digital Storage oscilloscope:

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