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Rational Functions, Equations and Inequalities

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Coulline Damo
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145 views35 pages

Rational Functions, Equations and Inequalities

Uploaded by

Coulline Damo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RATIONAL FUNCTIONS,

EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
RATIONAL EXPRESSION
A rational expression is an expression that can be
written as a ratio of two polynomials.
DETERMINE WHICH OF THE
FOLLOWING ARE RATIONAL
EXPRESSIONS.
a. 15
x 1

4 7
ONLY B AND C ARE
b. 5x  6 x  1
RATIONAL
EXPRESSIONS

c. 5  x3
x
RATIONAL EQUATION
 Anequation involving rational
expressions.
 Example:

2 3 1 x  1 3x x 1
   
x 2x 5 2x 1 2 5x  2
RATIONAL INEQUALITY
 Aninequality involving rational
expressions.

 Example

5 3

x  3 2x
RATIONAL FUNCTION
 A function of the form of f(x) = p(x)/q(x)
where p(x) and q(x) are polynomials,
and q(x) is not the zero function.

 Example

2
x  2x  3
f ( x) 
x 1
DETERMINE WHETHER THE GIVEN IS A RATIONAL
EQUATION, A RATIONAL FUNCTION, A RATIONAL
INEQUALITY, OR NONE OF THESE.
7 x3  4 x  1
1. y  5 x3  2 x 6.1 y
x2  3
8 x 1
2.  8  7. x  x 2
x 2x 1 2
2 x
3. x  2  48. x  6
2
x 1 3
4. x  1  x 9. x 1
 10
2x
5 x 3
5. 6 x   010. f ( x)  2
x3 x  2x  3
y  5 x 3  2 xRational
1 x 1
1. function 9.  10
2x
8 x
2.  8  Rational Equation Rational Equation
x 2x 1
x 3
3. x  2 None
4 of these 10. f ( x)  2
x  2x  3
x 1
4. x3
 Rational Equation Rational Function
x 1

5
5. 6 x   0 Inequality
Rational
x3

6. 7 x 3  4 None
x of
1 these
y
x2  3
1
7. x   xRational
 2 Equation
2
2 x
8. x   6
Rational Inequality
2
 A rational equation or inequality can be
solved for all x values that satisfy the
equation or inequality.
 We do not “solve” function. Rather, a
function (and in particular, a rational
function) expresses a relationship between
two variables (such as x and y), and can be
represented by a table of values or a graph.
SOLVING RATIONAL
EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
PROCEDURE FOR SOLVING
RATIONAL EQUATIONS

To solve rational equations:

Eliminate denominators by multiplying each term of the

equation by the least common denominator.

Note that eliminating denominators may introduce

extraneous root. Check the solutions of the transformed


2 3 1
EXAMPLE 1. SOLVE FOR X:  
x 2x 5
Solution: The LCD of all denominators is 10x. Multiply both sides
of the equation by 10x and solve the resulting equation.

2  3  1
10 x    10 x    10 x  
x  2x  5
20  15  2x
5  2x
5
x
2
x 1 8
EXAMPLE 2. SOLVE FOR X:   2
x2 x2 x 4
Solution: Factor each denominator in the fraction.
x 1 8
 
x2 x2 ( x  2)( x  2)
The LCD is (x – 2)(x + 2). Multiply the LCD to both sides of the equation to remove the
denominators.
x 1  8 
( x  2)( x  2)  ( x  2)( x  2)   ( x  2)( x  2)   
x2 x2  ( x  2)( x  2) 
x( x  2)  ( x  2)  8
x 2  3 x  10  0
Solve the resulting equation by factoring.
( x  2)( x  5)  0 x  2  0 or x  5  0 x  2 or x  5

Since x = -2 will make the original equation undefined, it is an extraneous solution. Since
x = 5 satisfies the original equation, it is the only solution.
8 x
EXAMPLE 3. SOLVE FOR X: 8 
x 2x 1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall.
x x  R
5x 2
R x   x  3
3 x

x3
H x  
x  2x  2 x  2 and x  2

x 1
F x   2 x  4 and x  1
x  5x  4
2
x  3x  2
G  x  2
x2
x 4
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall.

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