Media and Information Literacy Module 1

Introduction to Media
and Information Literacy

GRADE 12
Introduction to Media and Information
Literacy
a) Media Literacy

b) Information Literacy
c) Technology Literacy
Communication is said to be dynamic by nature. It can
be simple as having a face-to-face conversation between
two people or, it can become complex like communicating
to a large group of the audience using various media.
In this case, a communicator must have a full
understanding of the important role of each element in the
communication process to achieve effectiveness in
disseminating information. And to be precise, the
development of information and the selection of medium
are the two basic considerations of a communicator in
achieving effective communication.
Thus, in this lesson, the discourse on
communication process and its elements will provide
learners full understanding of the significant role of
media and information in effective communication.
This lesson will also provide the learners with a clear
description of media literacy, information literacy, and
technology literacy. And at the end of this lesson, the
learners will determine the formation of media as
producer and as a user of media and information.
In the communication process, participating
individuals can be both sources of information and
receiver of information. Information can be broadly
defined as data, knowledge, or instructions through
signals or symbols.
As a source, participants are considered producers of
information.
The source should consider these two key
components in effective communication:
 1. Development of information.
 2. Selection of media to use in disseminating
information.
Media are tools used by the source to
disseminate information to the receivers. It can
be broadcast media such as television and
radio, print media such as newspapers and
magazines, new media or Internet, and non-
traditional media like films, literature, and
outdoor media.
Concepts and Nature of Communication
Non-Verbal Verbal Communication
• Signs * Oral
• Symbols * Written
• Colors
• Gestures
• Body Language
• Facial expressions
Two (2) Basic Types of Communications
a) Verbal Communication:
The communication happens through verbally,
vocally or through written words which express or
convey the message to other is called verbal
communication.
Example: Baby crying (vocal) is verbal communication
which expresses the being hungry or pain.
Verbal communication has two types
 1. Oral Communication: A communication which happens

through word of mouth, spoken words, conversations and any
messages or information are shared or exchanged between
one another through speech or word of mouth is called oral
communication. Example: Public speech, News reading,
Television, Radio, telephone, and mobile conversations.
 2. Written Communication: A communication happens
through any word written or often written sign which refers
the languages uses in any medium is called written
communication. Example: Simply any handwritten, typed,
Newspaper, printed word documents, letters, books, and
magazines.
Two (2) Basic Types of Communications
 b) Non-Verbal Communication:
Any communication without word of mouth, spoken
words, conversation and written languages are called
Non-Verbal Communication. It happens through signs,
symbols, colors, gestures, body language or any facial
expressions. Traffic signals are one of the best examples
for non-verbal communication.
Media and Information Influence to
Communication
Media and information technology play a vital role in

globalization. Through these, we become connected to
different people around the world. These have a
significant influence on the modern culture and become
tools in sharing information, ideas, personal messages,
and other content and have become more widespread
and accessible. Not only that they become sources of
information, but entertainment as well.
Communication
Media, particularly social media, provide great ways

to connect, to interact, and to communicate with friends
and family while living separately. We can share
pictures, videos, some information among our friends
who are far away from us. Through social media, you
can make your existing relationships strong and can
make new friends from all over the world through
different social networking websites (A Research Guide
for Students, 2019).
Communication
Social media reduce the barriers of communication

and making it easier for everyone to express their
thoughts to the world (EASE Technology Solutions,
2016). Indeed, as technology grows and expands our
range of communication, media is becoming a vital tool
for daily social interaction.
While media can be a good channel for
communication and a good source of information, they
also pose some threats to users.
Threats of Media
1. Media becomes a source of misinformation and

fake news. These sometimes are utilized to push
personal gain and agenda, making the receiver of the
information deceived, confused, and misinformed.
Threats of Media
2. Though media help us improve the way we

communicate; it is also abused by many. Everybody
publishes whatever they want and unmindful of the
consequences of their posts. Social media made
everyone feel that they are allowed to say whatever
comes to their mind, making them say things that they
would not normally say on personal encounters, thus
fueling up bullying (EASE Technology Solutions, 2016).
Threats of Media
3. Media can also pose medical, social, and

psychological issues. What is posted on media may
cause dissatisfaction with body image, create addiction,
promote identity stealing and can destroy interpersonal
relationships.
The Role of Media and Information in
Effective Communication
 It makes the world a smaller place.

 It makes communication convenient.
 It shapes public opinion.
Producers and users of media and information
may have the following purposes:
 To inform
 To educate
 To entertain
 To advocate
 To promote business
 To increase network
Definition of Terms to encounter in Media
and Information Literacy
UNESCO defines literacy as the “ability to identify,

understand, interpret, create, communicate, and
compute, using printed and written materials
associated with varying contexts.” Literacy involves a
wide range of learning, wherein individuals able to
develop their knowledge and skills, achieve their goals,
and participate fully in their community and wider
society.
Table 1. Definition of Media Literacy, Information
Literacy, and Technology Literacy
Activity 1: Compare and Contrast
Directions: Based on the definitions given in Table 1. try to compare
and contrast the three concepts by filling out the table below:

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Introduction to Media

and Information Literacy

a) Media Literacy

 1. Oral Communication: A communication which happens

Media and information technology play a vital role in

Media, particularly social media, provide great ways

Social media reduce the barriers of communication

1. Media becomes a source of misinformation and

2. Though media help us improve the way we

3. Media can also pose medical, social, and

 It makes the world a smaller place.

UNESCO defines literacy as the “ability to identify,

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