UNDERSTANDING
VARIOUS POWER
QUALITY
STANDARDS
-PREPARED BY
PARNEET KAUR CHOWDHARY
ROLL NO.02, SECOND YEAR, M.E., ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS
K.K.WAGH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND
What is Poor Power Quality?
Various Power Quality Standards:
Need of Power Quality Standards:
• Power quality standards are needed in the power quality industry.
• The increased use of sensitive electronic equipment, increased
application of nonlinear devices to improve energy efficiency, the
advent of deregulation, and the increasingly complex and
interconnected power system all contribute to the need for power
quality standards.
• Standards set voltage and current limits that sensitive electronic
equipment can tolerate from electrical disturbances.
• Utilities need standards that set limits on the amount of voltage
distortion their power systems can tolerate from harmonics
produced by their customers with nonlinear loads.
• End users need standards that set limits not only for electrical
disturbances produced by utilities but also for harmonics
generated by other end users.
• The Standards help utilities deliver and their customers receive the
quality of power they need, electronics industry produce sensitive
electronic equipment as per power quality standards and the power
conditioning industry produce devices that will protect sensitive
electronic equipment.
IEEE Power Quality Standards:
PQ Monitoring Standards
IEEE Standards: 1159
P1159: Recommended Practice for Electric
Power Quality Monitoring (1159-1995/R2001)
P1159.1 Recommended Practice for Power
Quality Measurements in A.C. Power Supply
Systems (withdrawn)
1159.3 Data File Format for Power Quality Data
Interchange (PQDIF)
Additional related tasks being initiated.
Present IEEE P1159
Categories
-- Table 4-2
These
phenomenon
have been defined
by 1159.
1159 states that there are additional waveform
attributes
Steady state Non-steady state
phenomena: phenomena:
Amplitude Rate of rise
Frequency Amplitude
Spectrum Duration
Modulation Spectrum
Source impedance Frequency
Notch depth Rate of occurrence
Notch area Energy potential
Source impedance
Additional Waveform
Characteristics not identified in
1159
Ideal (Nominal) Waveform
RMS Magnitude
Fundamental RMS Magnitude
Phase Angle Shift (jump) using zero
crossings
Phase Angle Shift using the DFT
fundamental
Missing voltage
Residual voltage
RMS of residual voltage
IEC Power Quality Standards:
IEC PQ Standards
61000-1-X - Definitions and methodology
61000-2-X - Environment (e.g. 61000-2-4 is
compatibility levels in industrial plants)
61000-3-X - Limits (e.g. 61000-3-4 is limits on
harmonics emissions)
61000-4-X - Tests and measurements (e.g. 61000-
4-30 is power quality measurements)
61000-5-X - Installation and mitigation
61000-6-X - Generic immunity & emmissions
standards
IEC 61000-4-30
“Testing and measurement techniques-
Power Quality measurement methods”
IEC 61000-4-30 (2003)
Provides Power Quality Measurement Methods
Class A Instrument: Two instruments, connected to the same
signals, will produce the same results.
Class B Instrument: These will produce meaningful, but not
necessarily accurate, results.
Scope of IEC 61000-4-30
61000-4-30 covers instruments measuring
-Magnitude of the supply voltage
-Frequency
-Voltage dips and swells
-Harmonics and interharmonics (reference IEC 61000-4-7)
-Flicker (reference IEC 61000-4-15)
-Mains signalling
-Under-deviation and over-deviation
61000-4-30 does not cover
-High-frequency impulses
-Noise
-Current measurements
IEC Standard 61000-4-30
Provides a detailed methodology for
measuring rms attributes of voltage sags and
swells.
Does not provide any guidance for measuring
other PQ waveshape attributes
New revision:
Don’t have to measure frequency at zero volts, etc.
Adds a “survey” class instrument
Will probably take a couple of years to complete.
