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Unit 1 - Basic Concepts of Computer

A computer is an electronic device that takes in data as input, processes it, and outputs information. It has four basic functions: input, processing, storage, and output. A computer system has functional components including input, central processing unit (CPU), memory, and output units. Computers have advantages like speed, accuracy, storage, multitasking, and increased productivity. They can organize information, connect people, help students, and assist those who are physically challenged.

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55 views9 pages

Unit 1 - Basic Concepts of Computer

A computer is an electronic device that takes in data as input, processes it, and outputs information. It has four basic functions: input, processing, storage, and output. A computer system has functional components including input, central processing unit (CPU), memory, and output units. Computers have advantages like speed, accuracy, storage, multitasking, and increased productivity. They can organize information, connect people, help students, and assist those who are physically challenged.

Uploaded by

Snod Snod
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT 1

BASIC CONCEPTS OF COMPUTER


• The purpose of today’s lesson is to understand:
- Basic Concepts of Computers
- Functional Components of Computer System
- Functioning of a Computer
- Characteristics, Advantages and Limitations
- Classification of Computers
- Essential Components of Computer
- Hardware: Input Devices, Output Devices, Storage Devices
INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF COMPUTER

INTRODUCTION

The word computer is derived from the Latin word "computare" which means to calculate.

A computer is an electronic device that -


i. takes in data and instructions (input),
ii. works with the data (processing), and
iii. puts out information (output).
DEFINITION
 A computer is an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, stores data and produces output, all according to a
series of stored instructions (programs).
 The 4 basic operations are:
1. Input: entering data into the computer.
2. Processing: performing operations on the data.
3. Output: presenting the results.
4. Storage: saving data, programs/output for future use
HISTORY

The term "computer" was originally given to humans (human computers) who performed numerical
calculations using mechanical calculators, such as the abacus and slide rule.

 Pre-20th Century (before 1st Jan 1901)

 First Mechanical Computer


Charles Babbage, considered “Father of the computer” originated the concept of a programmable
computer. He conceptualized and invented the first mechanical computer in the early 19th century.
HISTORY & GENERATIONS

 Analog Computers
 Digital Computers
 Modern Computers
 Mobile Computers

GENERATIONS OF MODERN COMPUTERS


 First Generation Computers (1940-1956)
 Second Generation Computers (1956-1963)
 Third Generation Computers (1964-1971)
 Fourth Generation Computers (1971-2010)
 Fifth Generation Computers (2010 – Present Day)
FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
SYSTEM

The following are the functional components of a computer:


1) Input Unit
2) CPU (ALU, Control Unit, Registers)
3) Memory
4) Output Unit
FUNCTIONING OF A COMPUTER

The Four Basic Functions of Computers are:


 
(1) Input Function – accepts data
(2) Processing Data – processes data
(3) Storing Data – stores operating system and results
(4) Output Function – produces output
EXAMPLES
CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPUTER
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER

1. High Speed
2. Accuracy
3. Automation
4. Storage
5. Ease of Access
6. Multitasking
7. Better understanding of data
8. Increases Productivity
9. Internet Connection

10. Organizes the Information

11. Keeps Everyone Connected

12. A Tool for Students

13. Help Physically Challenged

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