INSTITUTE of Engineering

DEPARTMENT Civil Engineering

Bachelor of Engineering (Civil Engineering )
Subject Name Civil Engineering Mechanics
and
Code CET-241

CENTROID AND CENTRE OF GRAVITY

PRESENTATION
DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
Font size 24
 CENTROID AND
CENTRE OF
GRAVITY

Course Outcome
CO Title Level
Number

CO1 An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, Remember

and engineering to understand centroid  
CO2 Able to know CG Understand
 

CO3 Able to know how to find CG Understand

CO4 Able to solve the problem by either treating Moment of Understand

Inertia or Centre of gravity.  

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 CENTROID
• The point, at which the total area of a plane figure (such as rectangle, triangle, square, quadrilateral, circle etc) is assumed
to be concentrated, is called the centroid of that area.

• The centroid is also represented by C.G. or G.The centroid and centre of gravity are at the same point. 

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 CENTRE OF GRAVITY
• Centre of gravity of a body is defined as the point through which the whole
weight of the body acts. A body can have only one Centre of gravity for all
positions of the body. It is represented or denoted by C.G. or G.
• Axis of Reference:
• The position of C.G or centroid is always calculated with reference to some
assumed axis of reference there is no set rules for the section of such axis of
reference.

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 CENTRIODAL AXIS
 The axis which passes through the C.G or centroid of the section
is termed as centriodal axis.
 The horizontal centriodal axis is generally called x-axis and the
vertical centriodal axis as represented as y- axis. A centriodal
axis may or may not be an axis of symmetry.
 There may be infinite number of lines passing through the point
of center of gravity. Therefore, a cross section has an infinite
number of centroidal axes.

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CENTRIOD OF SIMPLE SHAPES

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CENTRIOD OF SIMPLE SHAPES

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CENTROID (OR CENTRE OF GRAVITY) OF AREAS OF
PLANEFIGURES BY THE METHOD OF MOMENTS

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Contd..

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Contd..

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CG of Line

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 Important Points
(i) The axis, about which moments of areas are taken, is known as axis of reference. In the above article, axis OX and OY

are called axis of reference.

(ii) The axis of reference, of plane figures, is generally taken as the lowest line of the figure for determining y , and left

line of the figure for calculating x .

(iii) If the given section is symmetrical about X-X axis or Y-Y axis, then the C.G. of the section will lie on the axis is

symmetry.
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CENTRIOD

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CENTROIDS OF COMPOSITE AREAS

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Example-1

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Example-1

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Example-2

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Example-2

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Example-3

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Example-3

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Example-4

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Example-4

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Example-5

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Example-5

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Example-5

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 Center of Gravity

• Locates the resultant weight of a system of particles

• Consider system of n particles fixed within a region of space
• The weights of the particles can be replaced by a single (equivalent)
resultant weight having defined point G of application
.

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 Assessment Pattern
• 1. An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering to understand centroid.

• 2. An ability to identify CG

• 3. An ability to identify how to find CG

• 4. An ability to identify centriodal axis.

• 5. Able to solve the problem by either treating Moment of Inertia or Centre of gravity.

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 APPLICATIONS
 When high jumpers perform a "Fosbury Flop", they bend their respective bodies in such a way that they clear the bar
while their respective centers of mass do not necessarily do so.
 Because it is the height of the center of gravity (rather than of the highest part of the body) that constrains the minimum
energy investment for "clearing" the bar, "snaking over" the bar can reduce the energy expended in propelling the body
upward.

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 REFERENCES
1. https://www.slideshare.net

2. https://www.google.co.in

3. Strength of Materials by RK Bansal

4. Mechanics of Solids, by Abdul Mubeen, Pearson

5. R. C. Hibbler (2006), Engineering Mechanics: Principles of Statics and Dynamics, Pearson Press

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THANK YOU

For queries
Email: [email protected]