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Topic: Network Protocols

Network protocols allow computers to communicate over a network and exchange data. Common protocols include HTTP/HTTPS for transmitting web content, TCP/IP for reliable data transmission, FTP for file transfers, POP and SMTP for email communication, and VoIP for voice calls over the internet. HTTP transfers hypertext documents and uses requests and responses between browsers and servers. HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts communications. TCP/IP uses TCP for reliable data transmission and IP for routing packets to the correct destination. FTP transfers computer files between clients and servers. POP retrieves emails from servers to local machines while SMTP sends emails between servers. VoIP converts voices into digital signals for transmission over the internet.

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63 views10 pages

Topic: Network Protocols

Network protocols allow computers to communicate over a network and exchange data. Common protocols include HTTP/HTTPS for transmitting web content, TCP/IP for reliable data transmission, FTP for file transfers, POP and SMTP for email communication, and VoIP for voice calls over the internet. HTTP transfers hypertext documents and uses requests and responses between browsers and servers. HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts communications. TCP/IP uses TCP for reliable data transmission and IP for routing packets to the correct destination. FTP transfers computer files between clients and servers. POP retrieves emails from servers to local machines while SMTP sends emails between servers. VoIP converts voices into digital signals for transmission over the internet.

Uploaded by

Muskan Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TOPIC: NETWORK PROTOCOLS

Network Protocol
A protocol is a set of rules(software), which the computers
use to communicate with each other across the network. It
is a communication system that allows computers around
the world to communicate and to exchange data with each
other.

The following protocol are commonly used:


(i) HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(ii) HTTPs - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
(iii) TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(iv) FTP- File Transfer Protocol
(v) POP - Post Office Protocol
(vi) SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
(vii) VoIP - Voice Over Internet Protocol
HTTP
• HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
• HTTP is designed for transferring a hypertext (i.e. text, image, graphics
etc) among two or more systems.
• When a user select a hypertext link, client computer uses HTTP to
contact the server, and ask the server to response with action. The
server accepts the request, and then uses HTTP protocol to perform
action.
• HTTP consist of two parts:- (i) set of request from browsers to server
(ii) set of responses going back to other way.
HTTPs
• HTTPs stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol(secure). Here ‘s’ stands for
‘Secure’ or ‘Security’. HTTPs is the secure version of HTTP.
• It is used to encrypt all the communication between the client
browser(request) and the web server(response).
• HTTP and HTTPs both are used for transferring data between the client
browser (request) and the web server (response), but in case of HTTPs the
transferring of data is done in an encrypted format.
• It is often used to protect highly confidential online transaction like online
banking or online shopping etc.
TCP/IP
• TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.
• In TCP/IP two protocol TCP and IP work together.
• TCP:- It is a popular communication protocol which is used for
communicating over a network. It divides any message into series of
packets that are sent from source to destination and there it gets
reassembled at the destination.
• IP:- It is designed explicitly as addressing protocol. It is mostly used
with TCP. The IP addresses in packets help in routing them through
different nodes in a network until it reaches the destination system.
• So we can say that TCP is responsible for breaking and assembling the
data while IP is responsible for sending the data/packets to the correct
destination.
FTP
• FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It is used to transfer computer
files between client and server on internet. Types of files may include
program files, multimedia files, text files, and documents, etc.
• FTP is most commonly used to download a file from server using
internet or to upload a file to a server.
• FTP is the simplest and most secure way to exchange files over the
internet. The main objectives of FTP are:
1. Transmitting and sharing the files(computer programs/data).
2. Indirect or implicit use of remote computers.
3. To transfer data reliably and efficiently.
4. It uses TCP/IP protocols to enable data transfer.
POP
• It stands for Post Office Protocol. It is designed for receiving incoming
E-mails.
• It extracts and retrieve the emails from the mail server.
• The third version of this protocol POP3 is commonly used in most
email client/server communication architecture.
• POP3 allows you to download email messages on your local
computer and read them even when you are offline. 
• When you use POP3 to connect to your email account, emails are
downloaded locally and removed from the email server. This means
that if you access your account from multiple locations, that may not
be the best option for you. On the other hand, if you use POP3, your
messages are stored on your local computer, which reduces the
space your email account uses on your web server.
SMTP
• SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
• It is used for sending email messages to mail server. It only handle
outgoing messages not incoming messages.
• SMTP does not create messages, rather it helps in forwarding
messages between client and servers. It uses TCP to send messages to
another host.
• SMTP is used two times- between the sender and the sender’s mail
server and between the two mail servers.
VoIP
• VoIP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol. For transferring the
voice , VoIP protocol is used.
• It is a technology that allows us to make voice calls using a broadband
Internet connection instead of a regular (or analog) phone line.
• VoIP services convert our voice into a digital signal that travels over
the Internet. If we are calling a regular phone number, the signal is
converted to a regular telephone signal i.e. an analog signal before it
reaches the destination.
• VoIP can allow you to make a call directly from a computer having a
special VoIP phone, or a traditional phone connected to a special
adapter. Wireless hot spots in locations such as airports, hospitals,
cafes etc allow you to connect to the Internet and can enable you to
use VoIP service wirelessly.
• A high speed Internet connection is required for better VoIP services.
Thank You

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