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    1899 Malolos Constitution

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    Ma. Rowena Flores
    The Malolos Constitution established the first Philippine Republic in 1899 and was its basic law. It was modeled after other constitutions and established a representative government with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. However, the Malolos Constitution was never fully implemented due to the ongoing Philippine-American War and the Philippines coming under U.S. control after the 1898 Treaty of Paris.

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    1899 Malolos Constitution

    Uploaded by

    Ma. Rowena Flores
    195 views8 pages
    The Malolos Constitution established the first Philippine Republic in 1899 and was its basic law. It was modeled after other constitutions and established a representative government with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. However, the Malolos Constitution was never fully implemented due to the ongoing Philippine-American War and the Philippines coming under U.S. control after the 1898 Treaty of Paris.

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    The Malolos Constitution established the first Philippine Republic in 1899 and was its basic law. It was modeled after other constitutions and established a representative government with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. However, the Malolos Constitution was never fully implemented due to the ongoing Philippine-American War and the Philippines coming under U.S. control after the 1898 Treaty of Paris.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    195 views8 pages

    1899 Malolos Constitution

    Uploaded by

    Ma. Rowena Flores
    The Malolos Constitution established the first Philippine Republic in 1899 and was its basic law. It was modeled after other constitutions and established a representative government with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. However, the Malolos Constitution was never fully implemented due to the ongoing Philippine-American War and the Philippines coming under U.S. control after the 1898 Treaty of Paris.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    1899: Malolos Constitution

     The Political Constitution of 1899, informally known as the Malolos


    Constitution, was the basic law of the First Philippine Republic.

     It was written mainly by Felipe Calderón

     It was promulgated on 21 January 1899.

     It was patterned after the Spanish


    Constitution of 1812, with infuences from the charters of Belgium,
    Mexico, Brazil, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and French
    Constitution of 1793.

     Also partly influenced by Jacinto’s Kartilya and Biak na Bato


    Constitution
    History
    After signing the Biak-na- Bato Pact, the revolutionary leaders accepted
    the agreed payment from Spain (PH800,000) and exile of Aguinaldo to
    Hong Kong.

    After the defeat of Spain to America in the Battle of Manila Bay on


    May 1, 1898, the US Navy brought Aguinaldo back to the Philippines.

    Upon Aguinaldo’s return, he established the Revolutionaly Government


    and declared the Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898.

    The Malolos Congress was elected which selected a commission to


    draft the Malolos Constitution, which was composed of wealthy and
    educated men.
    Features of the Malolos Consitution

     It has 39 articles divided into 14 titles, with 8 articles on


    transitory provisions, and a final additional article.

     The twenty-seven articles of Title IV detail the natural rights


    and popular sovereignty of Filipinos. (in this article stipulates
    the retrovertion of sovereignty to the Filipinos)

     Declaration of the State to recognize the freedom and equality


    of all beliefs.

     Separation of Church and the State


    Features of the Malolos Consitution
     Government of the Republic is to be popular, (election by the people)

     representative, alternative and responsible, and shall exercise three


    distinct powers:

    1. Legislative
    unicameral and to be called Assembly of Representatives
    Elected members to serve for 4 years

    2. Executive
    President to serve for 4 years withour re-election
     no Vice –president elected. In case of vacancy, President was to be
    selected by the constituent assembly

    3. Judicial- Chief Justice as head of the Supreme Court


    Features of the Malolos Consitution
     Secretaries of the government were given seat in the
    assembly, to meet annually for at least 3 months

     Bills could be introduced by the President or members


    of the Assembly

     The Assembly may impeach the President, cabinet


    members, Chief Justice, and solicit-general
    However, the Malolos Constitution never gained international
    recognition and was never fully implemented across the
    Philippines.

    This is due to the on going war between Philippines and the


    Americans. Because after the Spain’s defeat, it sold its colonial
    influence to American via Treaty of Paris on December 10,
    1898. So technically, the Philippines is under American territory
    On March 23, 1901 Aguinaldo was
    captured. On April 19, he issued a
    Proclamation of Formal Surrender to
    the United States, telling his followers
    to lay down their weapons and give up
    the fight.

    General Miguel Malvar took over the


    leadership of the Filipino government,
    or what remained of it.

    Malvar surrendered, along with his sick


    wife and children and some of his
    officers, on April 13, 1902.

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