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Chapter 4 Force System Resultant - 0

The resultant force FR acts at a distance of 7.36 m from end A.

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Khalilluqman
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81 views47 pages

Chapter 4 Force System Resultant - 0

The resultant force FR acts at a distance of 7.36 m from end A.

Uploaded by

Khalilluqman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 4

Force System Resultant


Chapter Outline
•Moment of a Force
•Principle of Moments
•Moment of a Couple
•Resultants of Force and Couple System
•Further Reduction of a Force and Couple
system
Jongkang jongket?
counterclockwise clockwise
What is moment of a force?

The moment of a force indicates the tendency


of a body to turn about an axis through a
specific point O

Known as torque or moment


1. Magnitude M = Fd [N.m]
F must be perpendicular to d
F

2. Direction ?
F

d
Ex 1
Determine the moment of the force about point O

10 [N]
1

Mo = Fd
O = (10N)(2m)

Mo = 20 [N.m]
2 [m]
10 [N]
2
Mo = Fd
O = (10N)(2m)

Mo = 20 [N.m]
2 [m]

10 [N]

3 Mo = Fd
= (10N)(1.5m)
O

1.5 [m] Mo = 15 [N.m]


4

O
10 [N]

2 [m]

Mo = Fd
O = (10N)(0)

2 [m] Mo =0
Ex 2 Determine the moments of the 800 [N] force acting
On the frame about points A and B.

MA = 800 N (2.5)
= 2000 N

MB = 800 N (1.5)
= 1200 N

Quiz 1

Point C and D
Principle of Moments
F must be perpendicular to d

d
Principle of Moments
Moment of a force about a point = sum of the moments of the force’s
components about the point

d
Ex 3
The force F acts at the end of the angle bracket shown.
Determine the moment of the force about point O
solution

+ MO = (400sin30N) (0.2m) – (400cos30o N)(0.4m)


= - 98.6 N.m
= 98.6 N.m
Moment of a couple

-Two parallel forces that have same magnitude,


opposite direction, separated by perpendicular distance d
-Produce a rotation or tendency of rotation
in a specified direction
Figure A Figure B

A moment of 12 [N.m] is needed to turn the shaft


Ex 4
Determine the moment of the couple acting on the number
shown in the figure.
Fx = (4/5)(150kN) = 120 kN

Fy = (3/5)(150kN) = 90 kN
however, it is easier to determine at A or B

For point A;

+ MO = 90kN (3m) + 120 kN (1m)

= 390 kN.m
point B, we also get the same result : 390 kN

The couple moment can be determined about any point.

If point D is chosen; Quiz 2


Important points

 A couple moment is produced by two


noncollinear forces that are equal but opposite.
Produce rotation
 A couple moment is a free vector, so it causes
the same effect of rotation regardless of where
the couple moment is applied to the body
 The moment of the two couple forces can be
computed about any point
 A resultant couple moment is simply the vector
sum of all the couple moments of the system
Review
Moment of a force?
The moment of a force indicates the tendency
of a body to turn about an axis through a
M=F×d
specific point.

d
Principle of Moments

Moment of a force about a point = sum of the moments of the force’s


components about the point
Moment of a couple

-Two parallel forces that have same magnitude,


opposite direction, separated by perpendicular distance d
-Produce a rotation or tendency of rotation
in a specified direction
Since the moment of a couple depends
only on the distance between the forces,
the moment of a couple is a free
vector. It can be moved anywhere on
the body and have the same external
effect (rotation) on the body.

A resultant couple moment is simply the


vector sum of all the couple moments of
the system
The moment of the two couple forces can be computed
about any point
Equivalent System
Sliding VECTOR

MOVING A FORCE ON ITS LINE OF ACTION


Free VECTOR

MOVING A FORCE OFF OF ITS LINE OF ACTION


Resultant of a Force and Couple System
Further Reduction of a Force and Couple System

If R and MRP are perpendicular to each other,


the force-couple system at P can be further reduced to a
single resultant force.

Will be the case for system consisting either :

(a) concurrent force


(b) coplanar force
(c) parallel forces

(a) concurrent force


(b) Coplanar force systems

(c) Parallel force systems


The moment of the resultant the moment of all the forces
force about the grip about the grip

FRd = F1d1 + F2d2 + F3d3


Ex :

A 4.80m long beam is subjected to the forces shown.


Reduce the given system of forces to a
single force or resultant

[solution]
use FRd = F1d1 + F2d2 + F3d3 ;
[solution]

+ FR = 150 - 600 + 100 - 250 = - 600 N


= 600 N

MA = F1d1 + F2d2 + F3d3


= - 600(1.6m) + 100(2.8m) – 250(4.8)
= - 1880 Nm
= 1880 Nm
FR = 600 [N]

A B
d

FRd=MA
(600) d = 1880 Nm
d = 1880/600
= 3.13 m

Thus, the single force equivalent to the given system;

FR = 600 [N] , d = 3.13 [m]


Given: A 2-D force and couple
system as shown.
Find: The equivalent resultant
force and couple moment
acting at A and then the
equivalent single force
location along the beam
AB.

Plan:
1) Sum all the x and y components of the forces to find FRA.
2) Find and sum all the moments resulting from moving each force to A.
3) Shift the FRA to a distance d such that d = MRA/FRy
FR

+ FRx = 25 + 35 sin 30° = 42.5 N


+  FRy = 20 + 35 cos 30° = 50.31 N
+ MRA = 35 cos30° (2) + 20(6) – 25(3)
= 105.6 N·m
42.5 N

50.31

FR = ( 42.52 + 50.312 )1/2 = 65.9 N


 = tan-1 ( 50.31/42.5) = 49.8 °

The equivalent single force FR can be located on the


beam AB at a distance d measured from A.
d = MRA/FRy = 105.6/50.31 = 2.10 m.
Review
Moment of a force?
The moment of a force indicates the tendency
of a body to turn about an axis through a
M=F×d
specific point.

d
Principle of Moments

Moment of a force about a point = sum of the moments of the force’s


components about the point
Moment of a couple

-Two parallel forces that have same magnitude,


opposite direction, separated by perpendicular distance d
-Produce a rotation or tendency of rotation
in a specified direction
Further Reduction of a Force and Couple System

If R and MRP are perpendicular to each other,


the force-couple system at P can be further reduced to a
single resultant force.
Quiz 4

Replace the loading acting on the beam by a single resultant force.


Specify where the resultant force acts, measured from end A

F = 1302 N
= 84.5o
x = 7.36 [Ans]

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