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Universal Grammar by Noam Chomsky: Name: Mohd Anas Enrollment No: GK0425 Faculty No: 21ELMAA - 101

Universal Grammar by Noam Chomsky proposes that the human brain is hardwired with a set of linguistic principles that are common across all human languages. Chomsky argued that children are born with an innate language acquisition device containing these principles and parameters that vary between languages. When exposed to their native language, children use their LAD to set the parameters and acquire the grammar of that language from the environmental input.

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287 views14 pages

Universal Grammar by Noam Chomsky: Name: Mohd Anas Enrollment No: GK0425 Faculty No: 21ELMAA - 101

Universal Grammar by Noam Chomsky proposes that the human brain is hardwired with a set of linguistic principles that are common across all human languages. Chomsky argued that children are born with an innate language acquisition device containing these principles and parameters that vary between languages. When exposed to their native language, children use their LAD to set the parameters and acquire the grammar of that language from the environmental input.

Uploaded by

King Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Universal Grammar by

Noam Chomsky

Name: Mohd Anas


Enrollment no: GK0425
Faculty no: 21ELMAA -101
Content

1. Introduction
2. Universal Grammar
3. Principles
4. Parameters
5. Language Acquisition Device(LAD)
Introduction
Universal Grammar is a black box responsible for
language acquisition. It is the mechanism in the mind
which allows children to construct a grammar out of the
raw materials supplied by the exposure.

This theory of Universal Grammar was presented by a


famous American linguist, Noam Chomsky in the 60s.
Universal
Grammar
Universal Grammar

 Grammatical properties are common to all languages and


naturally present in human beings.
 The human brain contains a limited set of rules for
organising language.
 All languages have a common structural basis.

 Universal Grammar is hard-wired into the brains of all


humans.
Universal Grammar

 Universal Grammar theory holds that Speaker knows a set


of principles apply to all languages and parameters that
vary from language to language.

 Principles
 Parameters
Principles and parameters

Principles and parameters is a framework within generative


linguistics in which the syntax of a natural language is
described in accordance with general principles and specific
parameters.
Principles

Structure Dependency

• All languages are structure dependence.


• In any language, a sentence is consists of a subject and
predicate.
• Every language have nouns,verb,adjective ,adverb.
Ex. Ali went to school.
Principles
Interrogative Inversion
This is formed, in English, by a movement known as
interrogative inversion, which operates in the manner
below.
Ex.john will stay behind.
Will John stay behind?
Parameters
Set of rules that vary from language to
language.
Head parameters
 Head Initials
 Head Final
Head Initial and Head final

The head is the element that determines the category of


a phrase.

Noun phrase: the head is noun


verb phrase: the head is verb

English is a head initial language.


Japanese is a head final language.
Ex. Head initial determiner phrase(DP)

Any book

Ex.Head final determiner phrase (DP)


Dare Mo
Person Any
Language Acquisition Device

The Language Acquisition Device (LAD) takes the Primary


Linguistic Data (PLD) to determine the settings of the
parameters (in L 1 acquisition).

LAD contains principles of all the languages but not


the parameters.
Sources:
Universal Grammar, Wikipedia
MA/BS English University of Sargodha
Second Language Acquisition, CAS LX 400

Thank you

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