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Forced Harmonic Oscillator

The document describes the solution to the forced harmonic oscillator equation. It can be broken into two terms: 1) the transient term, which is the general solution to the homogeneous equation and decays over time, and 2) the particular solution to the inhomogeneous equation, known as the steady state term. In the case of underdamped oscillation, the full solution is the sum of the transient term, which is an exponentially decaying cosine function, and the steady state term, which oscillates at the frequency of the external driving force. Eventually only the steady state term remains as the transient term decays to zero.

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95 views2 pages

Forced Harmonic Oscillator

The document describes the solution to the forced harmonic oscillator equation. It can be broken into two terms: 1) the transient term, which is the general solution to the homogeneous equation and decays over time, and 2) the particular solution to the inhomogeneous equation, known as the steady state term. In the case of underdamped oscillation, the full solution is the sum of the transient term, which is an exponentially decaying cosine function, and the steady state term, which oscillates at the frequency of the external driving force. Eventually only the steady state term remains as the transient term decays to zero.

Uploaded by

alayu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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b k

Forced Harmonic Oscillator   ; 0 


2m m
k F0 cost
m d 2x dx 2 F0
2
 2   0 x  cos  t
dt dt m
b

F0
Solution: x(t )  x H (t )  m
cos  t   
 0 
2
2 2 2 2
    4 

2
General solution of associated tan   2
0   2
homogeneous equation
(Transient Term) Particular solution of
(Decays to zero as t  ) inhomogeneous equation
(Steady State Term)
In special case of underdamped oscillation (2<0)
F0
x(t )  C e  t
cos( d t   )  m
cos  t   
   
2
2 2
0  4 2 2

2
Transient Term Steady State Term tan   2
0   2
0  k
m  Natural frequency of free oscillation

 d   02   2  Frequency of damped oscillation


  Frequency of external driving force

Conclusion: Given enough time, oscillation associated with


natural frequency (i.e., 0 ,d) dies out and the system oscillates
with frequency of external force (i.e., ).

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