Basics of Statistical Inference: Drawing Inferences From A Starbucks Survey
Basics of Statistical Inference: Drawing Inferences From A Starbucks Survey
Basics of Statistical Inference: Drawing Inferences From A Starbucks Survey
The statistical tests to be used are: Test for normality, Sign test, Test for homogeneity, and
2 sample Z test.
Hypothesis Testing
Hypothesis testing is a decision-making process for evaluating claims about a
population. A Statistical hypothesis is a conjecture about a population parameter.
This conjecture may or may not be true.
- For example: T-test, Paired t-test, Z test, - For example: Sign test, Wilcoxon
Anova Signed rank test, Spearman’s rank
correlation
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Test of
Normalit
y
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Test of Normality
▫ Tests whether the given data was sampled from a normal
distribution
▫ It is a test of Goodness of fit
\
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Test Statistic
▫ The Test Statistic is compared with the Critical Value for
the given Level of Significance and Degrees of
Freedom(df)
▫ Df is determined by
1. Number of groups
2. Minus 1(For making )
3. Minus 2(Estimating µ and SD from the sample)
▫ If Test statistic>Critical Value, we reject the null
hypothesis
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Degrees of Freedom 1
Sign Test
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SIGN TEST
▫ Tests one population median, η (eta)
▫ Corresponds to t-test for one mean
▫ Assumes population is continuous
▫ Small sample test statistic: Number of sample values
above (or below) median which is determined by
alternative hypothesis
▫ Uses normal approximation if n ≥ 30
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Large Sample Sign Test for a Population Median
η
One-Tailed Test
H0: η = η0
Ha: η > η0 [or Ha: η < η0 ]
Test statistic:
2.263394
Test statistic
where S=74
P value 0.030795
Since the p-value of 0.03079 is less than 0.05 , therefore we reject the null hypothesis.
Thus, we have conclusive proof that that population median is greater than 3 which
means that Starbucks is successful in satisfying it's customer.s
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Test of
Homogeneity
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Contingency Table
Satisfied Dissatisfied Total
Expected Values
Satisfied Dissatisfied Total
Degree of Freedom 1
Critical value at 0.05
3.841
Significance level
Test Statistic 1.21242236
Reject null hypothesis if the test
Decision Rule
statistic is greater than 3.841
Since the Test Statistic (1.212422) < Critical Value (3.841) therefore we fail to reject
the null hypothesis, thus we can conclude the 2 data sets are homogenous implying
that the customers who are satisfied with the ambiance are satisfied with the
service of Starbucks
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2 Sample
Z Test
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Female 65
In this n1 and n2 are, the respective sample sizes of the two samples
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