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Presentation On BoQ

The Bill of Quantities (BoQ) is a document prepared by the cost consultant that provides measured quantities of work identified in the construction drawings and specifications. The BoQ assists tenderers in calculating construction costs for their tender. It includes preliminaries, measured works divided into trade sections or work packages, prime cost sums, provisional sums, day works, and contingencies. The contract sum is the total of all these sections.

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949 views11 pages

Presentation On BoQ

The Bill of Quantities (BoQ) is a document prepared by the cost consultant that provides measured quantities of work identified in the construction drawings and specifications. The BoQ assists tenderers in calculating construction costs for their tender. It includes preliminaries, measured works divided into trade sections or work packages, prime cost sums, provisional sums, day works, and contingencies. The contract sum is the total of all these sections.

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sooryb654525
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Bill of Quantity

(BoQ)
What is BoQ?
• The Bill of Quantities (BoQ) is a document prepared by the Cost
Consultant that provides project specific measured quantities of work
in construction industry, identified by the drawings and specification
in the tender documentation.
• The quantities may be measured in number, length, area, volume,
weight, item or time based on the “standard method of
measurements” specified in particular tender documentation.
• The bill of quantities assists tenderers in the calculation of
construction costs for their tender, and, to prepare a price for carrying
out the works which constitutes the tenderer’s offer.
Standard Methods of Measurements
Utilization of same principal of measurements for preparation of BoQ
provides fair and accurate system and minimize misunderstanding and
miscalculation between all parties.
Most widely used principal of documents are;
 Standard Method of Measurement (SMM)
 Principals of Measurement International (POMI)
 Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurements(CESMM)
 New Rules of Measurement (NRM)
Major Parts of a BoQ
Generally, BoQ has following major parts;
1. Preliminaries
2. Measured Bill
3. Prime Cost Sum and Rates
4. Provisional Sums
5. Day Works
6. Contingencies
The contract sum will be the sum of these major parts.
1. Preliminaries
• Preliminaries or Prelims are items in BoQ which cannot be allocated to a specific
element, sub-element or component. Main contractor’s preliminaries include the
main contractor’s costs associated with management and staff, site establishment,
temporary services, security, safety and environmental protection, control and
protection, common user mechanical plant, common user temporary works, the
maintenance of site records, completion and post-completion requirements,
cleaning, fees and charges, sites services and insurances, bonds, guarantees and
warranties. [Site Office Overhead (HOOH)].

** Main contractor’s preliminaries exclude costs associated with subcontractor’s


preliminaries, which are to be included in the unit rates applied to building works.
1.1 Breakdown of Preliminaries in General
Categories of Preliminaries are as follows;
1. Work related
a. Initial Cost –
For items for costs involved in site establishment and bonds.
(Establishment of accommodations, storage facility, access, setting—out,
performance bond, advance payment guarantee, insurance etc.)
b. Closing Cost –
For the cost involved in items for handover and shutdown.
( demobilization of accommodations, as-built drawings, operation and
maintenance manuals, warranties, etc.)
2. Time related
Running cost such as meetings, maintenance of accommodations,
electricity, water, plant and machinery, site staff, scaffolding, health and safety, records
and reports etc.
2. Measured Bill
There are three types of BoQ for measured bills;
1. Elemental BoQ
This type of BoQ reflects measurement and description by group elements, such as substructure,
superstructure, internal finishes, external finishes, external works, FF&E, services, dayworks,
provisional sums, etc.
2. Work Package BoQ
This type of BoQ reflects measurement and descriptions by work, such as earthwork, concrete
work, waterproofing work, cladding, ceiling work, tiling, painting & decorating, FF&E, external works,
dayworks, provisional sums etc.
3. Work Section BoQ
This type of BOQ reflects work items in more detailed way than other two types. As an example for
concrete work there will be three or more sections such as substructure concrete, in situ concrete,
precast concrete, PT concrete, etc. This type of BoQ provides more details and easier for pricing more
precisely.
3. Prime Cost Rates and Sums
A prime cost sum (PC rate or PC sum) is an allowance, for the
supply of work or materials to be provided by a nominated
supplier or a subcontractor by the employer to carry out
an element of the works and imposed on the main
contractor after the main contractor has been appointed.
Main contractor include allowance for his profit, overhead,
attendance*, wastages and manpower to PC rates in the BoQ
rate for PC during the tender.

(*ATTENDANCE: Scaffolding, material handling, temporary power &


lighting, flatforms, hoist, tower crane, security, waste disposal etc.)
4. Provisional Sums
A provisional sum is an allowance of estimated value inserted in BoQ for specific element/s of the works that is not
yet defined in enough detail for tenderers to accurately price.

There are two types of Provisional Sums;


1. Defined Provisional Sum;
Defined provisional sums are those which have been described in sufficient detail that the
bidders are expected to have made allowance for them in their programming, planning and
pricing preliminaries.

2. Undefined Provisional Sum;


Undefined provisional sums are less well described as they refer to work which is not
completely designed. As such, the contractor cannot be expected to make allowance for them
in their programming, planning and pricing preliminaries. This means the contractor may be
entitled to an extension of time and/or additional payments when the actual works are
undertaken.
5. Day Works.
Daywork is a means by which a contractor is paid for instructed
work based on the cost of labour, materials and plant plus a
markup for overheads and profit. It is generally used when work
cannot be valued in the normal way. For example, daywork might
be instructed when there are no comparative rates in a bill of
quantities and a pro-rata method of pricing cannot be used. This
method of pricing can be open to exploitation, so it is advisable to
put monitoring and controlling procedures in place.
Bidders should price the day works bill with rates of listed day
work items in the BoQ.
6. Contingency.
Contingency allowances support a project’s overall risk management strategy
by making an allowance for any cost changes. These pre-determined sums or
percentage allowances are included in the cost estimate and held on behalf
of the owner to allow for unpredictable changes in the project. Where owners
provide a healthy and correctly-managed contingency, this safeguards all
parties in completing the project within budget.

The contingency allowance serves three main purposes:


 To account for errors and omissions in the construction documents;
 To modify or change the scope or quality of the project;
 To pay for unknown conditions.

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