Getting Started

with JAVA
By: Shivam Pathak
● What is Java? ● Robust

● Features of Java ● Architecture neutral

● Simple ● Interpreted

● Object-Oriented ● High Performance

● Portable ● Multithreaded

● Platform independent ● Distributed

● Secured ● Dynamic
What is ?
Java is a programming language and a platform. Java is a high
level, robust, object-oriented and secure programming language.

Java was developed by Sun Microsystems (which is now the

subsidiary of Oracle) in the year 1995. James Gosling is known as
the father of Java. Before Java, its name was Oak. Since Oak was
already a registered company, so James Gosling and his team
changed the name from Oak to Java.

Platform: Any hardware or software environment in which a

program runs, is known as a platform. Since Java has a runtime
environment (JRE) and API, it is called a platform.
 Features of Java
The primary objective of Java programming language creation was to
make it portable, simple and secure programming language. Apart from
this, there are also some excellent features which play an important role in
the popularity of this language. The features of Java are also known as
Java buzzwords.
The most important features of the Java are:
7. Architecture neutral
1. Simple 8. Interpreted
2. Object-Oriented 9. High Performance
3. Portable 10. Multithreaded
4. Platform independent 11. Distributed
5. Secured 12. Dynamic
Simple
Java is very easy to learn, and its syntax is simple, clean and easy to
understand. According to Sun Microsystem, Java language is a
simple programming language because:

● Java syntax is based on C++ (so easier for programmers to

learn it after C++).
● Java has removed many complicated and rarely-used features,
for example, explicit pointers, operator overloading, etc.
● There is no need to remove unreferenced objects because
there is an Automatic Garbage Collection in Java.
Object-oriented
Object-oriented programming (OOPs) is a methodology that
simplifies software development and maintenance by providing
some rules.

Basic concepts of OOPs are:

1. Object

2. Class

3. Inheritance

4. Polymorphism

5. Abstraction
 Platform Independent
Java is platform independent because it is different from other languages like C, C++, etc.
which are compiled into platform specific machines while Java is a write once, run anywhere
language. A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs.

There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides a
software-based platform. The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense
that it is a software-based platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms. It
has two components:

1. Runtime Environment
2. API(Application Programming Interface)

Java code can be executed on multiple platforms, for example, Windows, Linux, Sun Solaris,
Mac/OS, etc. Java code is compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode. This
bytecode is a platform-independent code because it can be run on multiple platforms, i.e.,
Write Once and Run Anywhere (WORA).
Secured
Java is best known for its security. With Java, we can develop virus-free systems. Java is
secured because:

● No explicit pointer
● Java Programs run inside a virtual machine sandbox
● Classloader: Classloader in Java is a part of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
which is used to load Java classes into the Java Virtual Machine dynamically. It
adds security by separating the package for the classes of the local file system
from those that are imported from network sources.
● Bytecode Verifier: It checks the code fragments for illegal code that can violate
access rights to objects.
● Security Manager: It determines what resources a class can access such as
reading and writing to the local disk.
Robust
The English meaning of Robust is strong. Java is robust because:

● It uses strong memory management.

● There is a lack of pointers that avoids security problems.
● Java provides automatic garbage collection which runs on
the Java Virtual Machine to get rid of objects which are not
being used by a Java application anymore.
● There are exception handling and the type checking
mechanism in Java. All these points make Java robust.
Architecture-neutral
Java is architecture neutral because there are no implementation
dependent features, for example, the size of primitive types is
fixed.

In C programming, int data type occupies 2 bytes of memory for

32-bit architecture and 4 bytes of memory for 64-bit architecture.
However, it occupies 4 bytes of memory for both 32 and 64-bit
architectures in Java.

Portable
Java is portable because it facilitates you to carry the Java
bytecode to any platform. It doesn't require any implementation.
High-performance
Java is faster than other traditional interpreted programming
languages because Java bytecode is "close" to native code. It is
still a little bit slower than a compiled language (e.g., C++). Java is
an interpreted language that is why it is slower than compiled
languages, e.g., C, C++, etc.

Distributed
Java is distributed because it facilitates users to create distributed
applications in Java. RMI and EJB are used for creating distributed
applications. This feature of Java makes us able to access files by
calling the methods from any machine on the internet.
Multi-Threaded
A thread is like a separate program, executing concurrently. We
can write Java programs that deal with many tasks at once by
defining multiple threads. The main advantage of multi-threading
is that it doesn't occupy memory for each thread. It shares a
common memory area. Threads are important for multimedia,
Web applications, etc.

Dynamic
Java is a dynamic language. It supports the dynamic loading of
classes. It means classes are loaded on demand. It also supports
functions from its native languages, i.e., C and C++.

Java supports dynamic compilation and automatic memory

management (garbage collection).
If you want to become a successful Java Developer, then contact us :

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