Embedded

Systems.
Contents
 Introduction.
 History.
 Characteristics.
 Literature Review.
 Architecture of Embedded Systems.
 Types of Embedded Systems.
 Latest Technologies in Embedded Systems.
 Advantages & Disadvantages.
 Conclusion.
 References.
What is Embedded Systems?

 Microprocessor-based computer hardware system with software that is designed

to perform a dedicated function.

 Since the system is dedicated to a specific task, design engineers can optimize it
and reduce the size and cost of the product.

 Power Constrain, Performance requirements.

History

1960 1968
In 1960, embedded system was first In 1968, the first embedded system for
used for developing Apollo Guidance a vehicle was released.
System by Charles Stark Draper at
MIT.

In 1965, Autonetics, developed the D-17B,

the computer used in the Minuteman missile Texas Instruments developed the first
guidance system. microcontroller in 1971.

1965 1971
Characteristics of an Embedded System

It should have high Usually, have easy

Requires real time Designed for one
availability and and a diskless
performance specific task
reliability. operation, ROM boot

Limited memory, low It does not need

Offers high reliability Needed minimal user
cost, fewer power any secondary
and stability interface
consumptions memory in computer.
Literature Review
Title Author and Publication Summary

Embedded Systems The author of the paper is Embedded Systems are the
Engineering, the Future of Prof. Oyetoke of Covenant future of our technology
Our Technology World University, Nigeria and was world. These range from self-
published in controlled cars, intelligent
December 2015. building designs, automated
factory processes

Development of an Internet The authors of the paper are The paper provides an
based Embedded System for Maged Ali Mohammed embedded Ethernet system
Smart House Asa’ad , Yousif Elhadi for controlling the electrical
Elsideeg Ahmed of University device at home from
of Gezira ,Sudan and was anywhere by a specific web
published in January 2013 application share on the
internet.
Literature Review

Title Author and Publication Summary

Embedded Systems: Security American Journal of This paper informs us about

Threats and Solutions Engineering Research and the the structures, characteristics
authors of the paper are Anik and applications of Embedded
Barua and Rubina Akter Systems.
which was published in 2014.
Architecture of the Embedded System

Basic architecture of the Embedded System:

 Based on Performance and Functional
Requirements it is divided into 4 types:

Real-Time Embedded Systems

Types of Stand Alone Embedded Systems

Embedded
System Networked Embedded Systems

Mobile Embedded Systems 

Real-Time Embedded Systems :

Time specific which means these embedded systems provides

output in a particular/defined time interval.

Quick response in critical situations.

Are used in defense sector, medical and health care sector.

 Stand Alone
Embedded Systems :

independent systems which It takes input in digital or

can work by themselves they analog form and provides the
don’t depend on a host output.
system.
Networked Embedded Systems :

Connected to a network which may be Communicate with embedded web

wired or wireless to provide output to server through network.
the attached device.
Mobile Embedded Systems :

SMALL AND EASY THEY ARE THE MOST PORTABLE

TO USE AND MOST PREFERRED EMBEDDED
REQUIRES LESS EMBEDDED SYSTEM.
RESOURCES. SYSTEMS.
LATEST TECHNOLOGIES IN
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Artificial Intelligence
 Artificial Intelligence creates intelligent in machines.
 AI can be defined as the enabling of a machine to perform the logical analysis,
obtain knowledge and adapt to an environment that varies.
 Artificial Intelligence is building intelligent systems with decision-making abilities
 However, AI requires the use of hardware components to build truly intelligent
machines. This is exactly where the relation between AI and embedded systems
becomes so essential.
Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality

 Virtual Reality technology in an embedded system that allows the user to interact
with an environment that exists in a computer.
 VR with higher resolution will challenge available display and processor
technology.
 On the other hand, augmented reality is the latest innovations in the electronics
industry.
 These both technologies will become a big part of our world.
Deep Learning

 It represents a rich and yet unexplored embedded systems market that has a range of
applications from image processing to audio analysis.
 Even though, the developers are mainly focused on cloud connectivity and security.
It is emerging as the latest trend in an embedded system.
 Embedded devices for machine learning applications can fulfill many tasks in
industry.
 Example :- Sensor devices that detect acoustic or optical anomalies and
discrepancies and, in this way, support quality assurance in production or system
condition monitoring.
Cloud Connectivity

 Getting embedded systems connected to the internet and cloud can take weeks and
months in the traditional development cycle.
 Cloud computing is the set of hardware and software as groups of remote servers
that exchange data to serve as centralized data storage and computing resources for
online access.
 These technologies are designed to simplify the process of connecting embedded
systems with cloud-based services.
 Each of the embedded systems is unique, and the hardware is highly specialized in
the application domain.
Advantages of Embedded System

Reduces costs overall.

Offers an enhanced performance
Useful for mass production.
The embedded system is highly reliable.
It has very few interconnections.
The embedded system is small in size.
It has a fast operation.
Offers improved product quality.
Disadvantages of Embedded System

 The embedded systems are hard to maintain.

 It is complicated to take back up of the embedded files.
 The embedded systems have less power supply durability if it is
battery operated.
 You need to reset all setting, due to happen any issue in the
framework.
Conclusion:

Embedded systems are purpose-built for specific applications, they enable designs and
optimizations that make it possible for us to enjoy the benefits of technology while
minimizing cost and power consumption.

Without embedded systems, our world would look vastly different than it does today.

As technologies and movements like the Internet of Things, Industry 4.0, and “smart”
homes & vehicles continue to gain traction, embedded systems will become more and
more important.
 References:
 https://www.ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR1807019.pd
f

 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/31324
3339_Embedded_Systems_Engineering_the_F
uture_of_Our_Technology_World_A_Look_Int
o_the_Design_of_Optimized_Energy_Metering
_Devices

 https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download
?doi=10.1.1.303.6608&rep=rep1&type=pdf

 https://embeddedschool.in/latest-technology-in-
embedded-systems-and-applications/
References:

 https://www.guru99.com/embedded-systems-tutoria
l.html
 https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/classification-of-em
bedded-systems/
 https://www.educba.com/types-of-embedded-syste
ms/
 https://www.ijert.org/embedded-system-paper-docu
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 https://studymafia.org/embedded-systems-seminar-
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