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Group#5: Topic: Operating System Based Embedded System Boot Process of Embedded System

The document discusses the boot process of embedded systems. It begins with the BIOS performing initial checks on devices and memory. It then loads the embedded operating system into memory, which allows the system to communicate with hardware and perform tasks like responding to user inputs. Finally, it loads system utilities to enable basic functionality before the user can begin interacting with the system.

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Usman Ali
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36 views12 pages

Group#5: Topic: Operating System Based Embedded System Boot Process of Embedded System

The document discusses the boot process of embedded systems. It begins with the BIOS performing initial checks on devices and memory. It then loads the embedded operating system into memory, which allows the system to communicate with hardware and perform tasks like responding to user inputs. Finally, it loads system utilities to enable basic functionality before the user can begin interacting with the system.

Uploaded by

Usman Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP#5

TOPIC:
O P E R AT I N G S Y S T E M B A S E D E M B E D D E D
SYSTEM
BOOT PROCESS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
EMBEDDED OPERATING SYSTEM
An embedded operating system is a specialized operating system (OS) designed to perform
a specific task for a device that is not a computer. The main job of an embedded OS is
to run the code that allows the device to do its job.

How does an embedded OS work?


An embedded OS enables an embedded device to do its job within a larger system. It
communicates with the hardware of the embedded system to perform a specific
function. For example, an elevator might contain an embedded system, such as
a microprocessor or microcontroller, that lets it understand which buttons the passenger
is pressing. The embedded software that runs on that system is the embedded OS.
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN
EMBEDDED OS
Here are some common characteristics of an embedded OS: Power
efficient
 Fewer storage capabilities 
 Smaller processing power
 Fast and lightweight
 I/O device flexibility
 Real-time operation
EXAMPLES OF EMBEDDED OS DEVICES:

Some examples of devices with embedded OSes include the following:


 ATMs
 Cellphones
 Electric vehicles
 Industrial control systems (ICS)
 Arduino-based devices
COMMON USES OF EMBEDDED OSES
Embedded OSes are put to a variety of uses, including the following:
ATMs: ATMs have basic OSes that enable the machine to read a user's debit card and
personal identification number input and perform bank account functions like
withdrawal or checking balances. The OS does little else but react to user inputs and
communicate with the ATM hardware.
Cellphones: Cellphones require an OS like Android or iOS to boot the phone and enable
applications to communicate with other phone hardware.
Electric vehicles: Microcontrollers host embedded OSes that handle functions like
braking or pressure sensing. For example, a certain amount of pressure on the front
bumper may cause the airbag to go off. This type of function is known as reactive
operation because it reacts to an input.
Traffic lights: Embedded OSes enable a traffic light to cycle through different signals at
programmed intervals.
TYPES OF EMBEDDED OSES:
Embedded OS are designed for the task they will perform. The various types of operating
systems include the following:
Multitasking operating system: A multitasking OS can perform several tasks at once. It
uses job scheduling to perform basic tasks. For example, a cellphone OS divides up
CPU resources among multiple tasks.
Real-time operating system: A real-time OS is designed to be reactive. It processes
inputs when they are received and responds within a specific timeframe. If the
response time falls outside of the specified time period, the system could fail. Real-
time OSes sometimes use rate monotonic scheduling, which assigns priorities to
tasks.
Single loop control system: This type of embedded OS exercises control over a single
variable. An example would be temperature control in a smart home. A smart
thermostat measures the temperature in the house and if it exceeds the limit set by the
user, turns off the heat.
BOOTING
Booting is basically the process of starting the computer. when the CPU is first switched
on it has noting inside the memory. In order to start the computer load the operating
system into the main memory and then computer is ready to take commands from the
user.

What Happens in the process of booting?


Booting happens when you start the computer. This happens when we turned ON the
power or the computer restarts. The system BIOS (basic input\output system) make
the peripheral devices active further it requires that the boot device load the operating
system into the main memory.
BOOT DEVICES:
Booting can be done either through hardware (pressing the start button) or by giving
software commands. Therefore boot device is a device that loads the operating
system. Moreover, it contains the instructions and files which starts the computer.

Examples:
 Hard drive
 Floppy disk drive
 CD drive etc.
Among them, the hard drive is the most used one.
TYPES OF BOOTING:
There are two types of booting which are as follows:
 Cold booting
 Warm booting

Cold Booting:
A cold boot is also called a hard boot. It is the process when we first start the
computer in other words when the computer is started from its initial state by pressing the
power button is called the cold booting.
The instructions are read from the ROM and the operating system is loaded in the main
memory.
WARM BOOTING:
warm boot is also called soft boot. It refers to when
we restart the computer here the computer does
not start from the initial state. When the system
gets stuck sometime it is required to restart it
while it is ON.
Therefore in this condition the warm boot take
place. Restart button or CTRL +ALT +DELETE
keys are used for warm boot.
STEPS OF BOOTING:
We can describe the boot process in six steps:
 The startup
It is the first step that involves the switching the power ON. It supplies the electricity to
the main components like BIOS and processor.
 BIOS: Power On Self Test:
It is an initial test performed by the BIOS. Futher, this test perform an initial check on the
input\output devices computer’s main memory, disk drives etc. Moreover, if any error
occurs, the system produces a beep sound.
 Loading of OS:
In this step, the operating system is loaded into the main memory the operating system
starts working and executes all the initial files and instructions.
 System Configuration:
In this step, the drives are loaded into the main memory. Drives are the programs that help
in the functioning of peripheral devices.

 Loading System Utilities:


System utilities are basic functioning programs, For Example, volume control , anti virus
etc. In this step system utilities are loaded into the memory user authentications if any
password has been set up in the computer system, the system checks for user
authentications. Once the user enters the login Id and the password correctly the system
finally starts.

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