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    Neem Coated Urea: by A. Mahto Sr. Manager (Production) (Urea)

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    MK Gandhi
    Neem coated urea provides several benefits over traditional urea by slowing the release of nitrogen into the soil through nitrification inhibition. This allows nitrogen to remain available to plants for a longer period, reducing nitrogen loss by 50-70% and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. Neem oil coating urea is a natural and cost-effective solution compared to synthetic inhibitors. The neem coating process involves spraying a fine mist of neem oil onto moving urea at a specific temperature and pressure. This neem coated urea product meets specifications for moisture, nitrogen, and biuret content.

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    Neem Coated Urea: by A. Mahto Sr. Manager (Production) (Urea)

    Uploaded by

    MK Gandhi
    79 views17 pages
    Neem coated urea provides several benefits over traditional urea by slowing the release of nitrogen into the soil through nitrification inhibition. This allows nitrogen to remain available to plants for a longer period, reducing nitrogen loss by 50-70% and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. Neem oil coating urea is a natural and cost-effective solution compared to synthetic inhibitors. The neem coating process involves spraying a fine mist of neem oil onto moving urea at a specific temperature and pressure. This neem coated urea product meets specifications for moisture, nitrogen, and biuret content.

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    Neem Coated Urea

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    Neem coated urea provides several benefits over traditional urea by slowing the release of nitrogen into the soil through nitrification inhibition. This allows nitrogen to remain available to plants for a longer period, reducing nitrogen loss by 50-70% and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. Neem oil coating urea is a natural and cost-effective solution compared to synthetic inhibitors. The neem coating process involves spraying a fine mist of neem oil onto moving urea at a specific temperature and pressure. This neem coated urea product meets specifications for moisture, nitrogen, and biuret content.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    79 views17 pages

    Neem Coated Urea: by A. Mahto Sr. Manager (Production) (Urea)

    Uploaded by

    MK Gandhi
    Neem coated urea provides several benefits over traditional urea by slowing the release of nitrogen into the soil through nitrification inhibition. This allows nitrogen to remain available to plants for a longer period, reducing nitrogen loss by 50-70% and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. Neem oil coating urea is a natural and cost-effective solution compared to synthetic inhibitors. The neem coating process involves spraying a fine mist of neem oil onto moving urea at a specific temperature and pressure. This neem coated urea product meets specifications for moisture, nitrogen, and biuret content.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    NEEM COATED UREA

    BY A. MAHTO
    SR. MANAGER (PRODUCTION)
    (UREA )
    INTRODUCTION

    Since India is a agriculture country and its 80 % of


    population lives in villages. To meet the basic needs
    in concern of food of a growing india’s population
    we need food grains in abundance quantity that
    can be achieved by increasing productivity of
    crops by utilization of good quality of fertilizers.
    For normal and healthy growth of plants 16 nutrient elements are
    required. Which are categorized as below:-
    Macro Nutrients:-
     C ,H,O—Essential elements for the plants (main source ,Air &
    Water).
     N,P,K—Are used in large quantity by plants known as primary
    nutrients( main source Soil & Chemical Fertilizers and Manures).
     Cal,Mg,S—Are required relatively smaller but in appreciable
    quantity called secondary nutrients(main source Soil & Chemical
    Fertilizers and Manures).
     Micro Nutrients: Fe,Zn,Mn,Cu,B,Mb,Cl—Are required by plants in
    small quantities for their growth & development .
    Each of essential nutrients has a definite & specific function to
    perform in growth & development of the plants.
     N: Required for early growth of plants to develop stem & leaves.
     P: Required for root development, seed production & fruit
    formation .
     K: Decrease the disease resistance of plant, starch development
    of potato, grains, sugar of fruits and vegetables.
    EFFICACY OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZERS

    Plant absorbs most of the nutrients through their routes in the form
    of ions carrying electrical charges. Thus urea supplies N2 to the
    plants in the form of NH4+ ions . However nitrosomonas &
    nitrobactor bacteries present in the soil oxidize NH4+ to nitrite
    (NO2) and nitrate(NO3) ions .
    These negatively charged ions are converted into gases like
    NO,N2O,N2 thus causing lose of urea fertilizer to atmosphere.
    Apart from this lose also takes place due to rapid hydrolysis of
    urea to NH3 which is catalyzed by anzyme urease present in the
    soil. Poor efficiency of applied fertilizer is of great concern for
    number of reasons.
     50-70% lose of nitrogen is a great lose for a country like India
    considering the cost of production of fertilizers and subsidy
    envolved.
     It is direct drainage of money especially foreign currency as urea is
    manufactured from imported petroleum products.
     This leads environmental problems, namely NO3-polution of the ground
    water & surface water. NO2- is also involved in atmospheric ozone
    depletion as well.
    NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS
    In present age urea is most popular fertilizer among the farmer as it is
    cheapest, reachest source of nitrogen. It is cheaper today as subsidized
    by government of india but in near future this subsidy may be with
    drawn fully are partially & under such circumstances urea will not be
    cheaper to the farmers.

    It is established that 50-70% of urea applied to crops get lost & not
    available to crops which make urea uneconomical for farmers . So,
    increasing its agronomic efficiency , there is one solution that is coating
    of urea. So that nitrogen from urea is slowly available over prolonged
    period during crop growth with the less loss .

    Keeping this in mind, agricultural scientists started looking for


    inhivitors which retard nitrification process & crease action of
    hydrolysis of urea . In America & Western Europe ,N2 lose inhibitors
    have been developed that are basically nitrification inhibitors. Which
    has properties to minimize conversion of NH3 fertilizers to nitrate &
    associated lose in fertilizer N2 by leaching & denitrification.
    Types Of Inhibitors:-
    1) Natural Inhibitors :
    For example– Neem Oil obtained from nature i.e.
    from Neem plant’s seeds.
    2) Synthetic (Chemical) Inhibitors:
     Pyridine (Trichloro methyl) C5H5N
     Amino chloro methyl (‘pyrimidine’)
     Thiourea, SC(NH2)2
     Dicyandiamide
     Sulpha thiazole
    CRITERIA OF SELECTION OF INHIBITORS

    1) It should be cheap & easily available in the


    domestic market.
    2) It should not be toxic/hazardous to human
    body/health & can be handled /transported
    easily.
    3) It should be ecofriendly & biogradable.

    Now a days, Neem a nature based coating agent is easily & readily
    available in the market at cheaper rate as compared to
    synthetic chemical inhibitors & fulfills all the desired criteria
    required . That is why Neem oil is used for coating the urea at
    commercial scale.
    NEEM AS NITRIFICATION INHIBITOR
    PROPERTIES OF NEEM OIL: Neem is Botanical name of Azadirachta Indica.
     Colour – Yellowish brown liquid.
     Azadirachtine – 500 PPM( 400—600ppm). At persent 150 ppm( min.) is allowed.
     Viscosity (40 deg .c )– 45 CST
     Density /specificgravity (31 deg .c )– 0.91
    (0.9087—0.95).
     Moisture – NT
     Sediments – 0.3% (.05—0.1%) by wt
     Refractive index– 1.4651
     Saponification Value – 180 to 205
     Acid Value– 15 max
     Iodine Value – 65 to 80
     unsaponifiocation Matter – 2%
     Titer(deg. C) -- 35 to 40 deg. c
     Fattyacids :
    Myristic -- .2 to .3
    Plamitic – 13.6 to 20
    Stearic – 14.4 to 24.1
    Oleic – 46.1 to 61.9
    Linoleic – 2.3 to 15.8
    Arachidic --.8 to 3.4

    Neem kernel Oil Suppliers To N.F.L, BTI


     M/S karna Oil Milks, Theni
     M/S Shri Ram Solvent Extraction Limited,Jaspur
     M/S Sun Agro Products, Salem

    Neem oil when coated on urea retards the nitrification process & makes
    nitrogen available through out the active crop growth period, not only
    it releases nitrogen at slow rate but it also improved its handling and
    storage .
    Further, dust in urea product is reduced by coating this Neem which also
    reduces caking property of urea during storage. Thus overall product is
    free flowing & easy to handle. Neem oil has insect repellient quality
    and behave as systemic insecticide.
    MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF NEEM OIL COATING
     Neem oil is cheap & is available in abundance in India.
     Neem also acts as pesticide.
     Neem oil is non- toxic , ecofriendly & biogradable.
     It has medicinal properties so it does not harm out
    health.
     Neem coated urea has better shelf life in respect of
    tendency to cake during storage.
     Neem coated urea can sustain nitrogen in soil for very
    long time due to nitrification inhibitor property leading
    to better yield for farmers.
    PRODUCTION OF NEEM COATED UREA AT NFL BATHINDA

    Neem coated urea production at NFL Bathinda was started in October 2003.
    the process used in spay of Neem oil at temp. 70 to 80 deg .c through
    fine spray nuzzles on the prilled urea passing over the belt conveyor from
    urea plant to loading station in bagging plant.
    Neem coated urea produced by this process meets all specification as laid
    down fr prilled urea in fertilizer controlled order 1985 & also the
    specifications for neem coated urea under the gazette of India order
    dated 9th july 2004 as:--
    Moisture - 1.0% by wt max
    N - 46% wt min
    Biuret - 1.5% wt max
    The crushing strength of Neem coated urea is nearly at par with
    that of uncoated urea.
    COST OF NEEM COATING PER MT OF UREA

    Following points are involved to determine the cost


    of Neem coating of urea :-
     Price of Neem Oil Per Litre - Rs. 92.89
     Cost of printing on bags- 20 paise per Bag
     Cost of spray nozzle (avg. cons.1nozzle per 3 month)- Rs 3000
    per nozzel
     Cost of power per MT of running pump of 2.2 kwh (Rs 5per kwh)
     Cost of steam consumed to hit up the Neem Oil (approx.10 paise
    per MT of urea).
     Cost of man power deployed for operation & maintenance
    (approx. 20 paise per MT per urea)
    Since half litre of Neem oil is consumed to coat 1 MT of urea. So,
    cost of Neem coating per MT of urea is approx. Rs 51.
    Since 2008, ministry of chemicals & fertilizers allowed Neem coated urea
    manufactures to sell Neem coated urea at 5% above the MRP to recover
    the cost of coating. As per GOVT. of India notification a company can
    produce & sell Neem Coated urea equivalent to max of 35% of its total
    installed capacity of urea.
    NOZZLE USED FOR NEEM COATING

     Nozzle make -- Lechler make


     At 2 bar pr. - Flow 0 .32 liter per minute
     At 3 bar pr. -- Flow 0.39 liter per minute
     At 5 bar pr.-- Flow 0.51 liter per minute
    THANKS

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