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One-Dimensional: Uniformly Accelerated Motion

This document discusses uniformly accelerated motion, including definitions of key terms like displacement, distance, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It provides examples of kinematic equations that can be used to calculate variables like distance, speed, time and acceleration given certain parameters of uniformly accelerated motion. It also discusses free fall under the influence of gravity and the kinematic equations that can be used to solve free fall problems by treating acceleration due to gravity as -9.8 m/s2.

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Jhun Lerry Tayan
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357 views26 pages

One-Dimensional: Uniformly Accelerated Motion

This document discusses uniformly accelerated motion, including definitions of key terms like displacement, distance, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It provides examples of kinematic equations that can be used to calculate variables like distance, speed, time and acceleration given certain parameters of uniformly accelerated motion. It also discusses free fall under the influence of gravity and the kinematic equations that can be used to solve free fall problems by treating acceleration due to gravity as -9.8 m/s2.

Uploaded by

Jhun Lerry Tayan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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One-Dimensional

Uniformly Accelerated Motion

Weeks 7 - 8
Review
MOTION is a change in position with respect
to a reference point.

DISPLACEMENT DISTANCE
the straight-line distance between an the total length of path taken by an
object’s initial and final positions, object in moving from its initial to
with direction toward the final final position
position
FOR

SPEED
MUL
A

● A measure of how fast an object moves.


● Rate at which distance is covered.
● The distance travelled by a moving object per Units
unit time :
m/s,
km /h , m
i/ h

Velocity includes the speed of an object and the direction of


its motion.
Sample Problems You are to drive to an interview in another
town, at a distance of 300 km on an
A girl travels 20 miles on her bicycle. expressway. The interview is at 11:00 A.M.
The trip takes 2 hours. Express her You plan to drive at 100 km/h, so you leave
speed in mi/hr. at 8:00 A.M. to allow some extra time. You
drive at that speed for the first 100 km, but
v = d = 20 mi = 10 mi/hr then construction work forces you to slow to
t 2h 40 km/h for 40 km.
What would be the least speed needed for
A motorcycle move linear with speed the rest of the trip to arrive in time for the
interview?
60 km/hours. Calculate the distance
travelled by motorcycle after 2 and
½ hour.
d = vt
d = (60 km/hr)(2.5 hr)
d = 150 km
Light from the sun reaches earth in 8.3
minutes. The velocity of light is 3.0 x 108
m/s. How far is earth from sun?

Seat During a hard sneeze, your eyes might


Wor shut for 0.50 s. If you are driving a car at
90 km/h during such a sneeze, how far
k does the
car move during that time?
FOR
ACCELERATI MUL
A

ON
● rate of change of velocity
● Because velocity is a vector quantity, a Units
:
m/s 2,
change in velocity can be a change in km/h 2
, mi/h 2
magnitude, a change in direction, or a
change in both magnitude and direction
Sample Problems

A jet airliner starts at rest at the end of a runway and reaches


a speed of 80 m/s in 20 s.

A skateboarder is moving in a straight line at a constant speed


of 3 m/s and comes to a stop in 2 s.

-
Seat Work
1. An ice skater decelerates for 5.0s to a final speed of 12m/s. if the
deceleration was at a rate of 1.5m/s2, what was the skater’s initial speed?
2. How long will it take a car to accelerate from 50 to 90 km/hr if it produces
an acceleration of 3.0m/s2?
3. An elephant can run at a steady speed of 10m/s and can stop in 2.5s. What
is the average acceleration of the elephant while stopping?
Kinematic Equations
for Uniformly
Accelerated Motion
vf = final velocity a = acceleration
vi = initial velocity d = distance
t = time
Sample Problem
How far will a car travel from Solution
a standing start if it accelerates
at 4.0m/s2 for 9.0s?

Given:
d = (0 m/s)(9 s) + ½ (4 m/s2)(9s)2
From standing start = Vi = 0 m/s
4 m/s2 = a d = 0 + ½ (4 m/s2)(81s2)
9s=t
d = 162 m
Unknown:
How far = distance (d)
Sample Problem Given: Unknown:
7.5 m/s = Vi Final speed (Vf)
-1.5 m/s2 = a
A dolphin decelerates for 2.0s 2s=t
from an initial speed of 7.5m/s Solution
in order to take a look at a
dolphin of the opposite sex.
Calculate the dolphin’s final
speed if the deceleration had a
magnitude of 1.5m/s2?
Solution
Sample Problem

How long will it take a car


to cover a distance of 100m
if it accelerates from rest at
a rate of 4.0m/s2?

Given: Unknown:
1. Determine the displacement of a plane that
experiences uniform acceleration from 66
m/s to 88 m/s in 12 s.

Seat
2. A person pushing a stroller starts from rest,
uniformly accelerating at a rate of 0.500
Wor m/s2. What is the velocity of the stroller after

k it has traveled 4.75 m?


3. A plane starting at rest at one end of a
runway undergoes a uniform acceleration of
4.8 m/s2 for 15 s before takeoff. What is its
speed at takeoff?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpWuZh6oTew
Practice
Via CK12
https://flexbooks.ck12.org/assessment/ui/?test/view/practice/physic
s/displacement-during-uniform-acceleration-Practice&contextArtif
actID=4283481&contextArtifactDescendantIdentifier=2.6&course
ContextID=4283481&contextArtifactRevisionNO=382&referrer=c
ourse_practice_widget&practiceWidgetPreview=true&ep=https://fl
exbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-physics-flexbook-2.0/section/2.6/pr
imary/lesson/displacement-during-constant-acceleration-phys/?asse
ssment=open
Moodle
Discussion
Forum
When accomplishing things,
why is it important to remove
distractions and focus only on
what is necessary?
FREE FALL
the state wherein a falling object
is free from air resistance and
falls under the influence of
gravity alone
Which will reach
the ground first,
stone or feather?
● In the absence of air resistance,
falling bodies fall at the same
accelerated rate regardless of
weight. (Galileo)
● A freely falling body is
uniformly accelerated. Its
acceleration due to gravity is
approximately 9.8m/s2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E43-CfukEgs
SIGN V=0

CONVENTION
+V = -V
t↑ = t↓

+dy position above the origin


+v velocity is upward
+V = -V
t↑ = t↓
-dy position below the origin
-v velocity is downward Speed Symmetry & Time Symmetry
g is always negative
Kinematic Equations

Replac
e
a ccel e t h e co n s t a n
ra t t
accele ion (a) with
r at
gravit ion due to
y = -9 .
8m/s 2
Sample Problem
A body is dropped from rest
and falls freely. Determine the
position and the velocity of the
body after 2.0 s have elapsed.

Given
Vi = 0 (from rest)
t=2s
a = -9.8 m/s2
Unknown
(a) dy
(b) vf
Sample Problem
A ball is thrown vertically
upward from the ground with a
speed of 25m/s.
a. How long does it take to
reach the highest point?
b. How high does it rise?

Vf = 0 m/s

a = -9.8 m/s

Vi = 25 m/s
SEATWORK
1. A pitcher tosses a baseball up along a y-axis, with an initial speed of 12m/s.

(a) How long does the ball take to reach its maximum height?

(b)What is the ball’s maximum height above its release point?

(c)How long does the ball take to reach a point 5.0m above its release point?

2. A stone falls freely from rest for 8.0seconds.

(a)Calculate the stone’s velocity after 8s.

(b)What is the stone’s displacement during this time?


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8iIu2OW7_E
Practice
via
KHAN
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/in-in-class9th-physics-india/
in-in-gravity/in-in-motion-of-objects-in-the-influence-of-gravitatio
nal-force-of-earth/e/freefall-exercises-ap1-numerical
Thanks!
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