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    Brain Stem: Midbrain, Pons Medulla Oblongata. It

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    ALFAHRUL CAHYADI
    The brain stem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The midbrain contains the superior and inferior colliculi which are involved in light and sound reflexes. The pons is a large transverse mass between the midbrain and medulla. The medulla oblongata extends into the spinal cord and contains motor nuclei for several cranial nerves. The reticular formation is an irregular network of cells and fibers in the brain stem that regulates functions like consciousness, respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.

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    Brain Stem: Midbrain, Pons Medulla Oblongata. It

    Uploaded by

    ALFAHRUL CAHYADI
    88 views8 pages
    The brain stem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The midbrain contains the superior and inferior colliculi which are involved in light and sound reflexes. The pons is a large transverse mass between the midbrain and medulla. The medulla oblongata extends into the spinal cord and contains motor nuclei for several cranial nerves. The reticular formation is an irregular network of cells and fibers in the brain stem that regulates functions like consciousness, respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.

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    Brain Stem

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    The brain stem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The midbrain contains the superior and inferior colliculi which are involved in light and sound reflexes. The pons is a large transverse mass between the midbrain and medulla. The medulla oblongata extends into the spinal cord and contains motor nuclei for several cranial nerves. The reticular formation is an irregular network of cells and fibers in the brain stem that regulates functions like consciousness, respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.

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    88 views8 pages

    Brain Stem: Midbrain, Pons Medulla Oblongata. It

    Uploaded by

    ALFAHRUL CAHYADI
    The brain stem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The midbrain contains the superior and inferior colliculi which are involved in light and sound reflexes. The pons is a large transverse mass between the midbrain and medulla. The medulla oblongata extends into the spinal cord and contains motor nuclei for several cranial nerves. The reticular formation is an irregular network of cells and fibers in the brain stem that regulates functions like consciousness, respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Brain stem

    • The part of the brain that


    connects between the
    cerebrum and diencephalon
    with the spinal cord
    • Consists from above
    downward of midbrain ,pons
    and medulla oblongata.
    oblongata It
    continues downward as spinal
    cord.
    • The cerebellum projected
    dorsally from the brainstem.
    Brain stem
    • The brain stem also consists of grey and white mater like the
    spinal cord consists of fibers ascending or descending and
    nuclei.
    • It is the first part of brainstem that connects the cerebrum
    and diencephalon to the pons,it lies in the posterior cranial
    fossa,it is shorter than the other two parts of brainstem.
    Midbrain
    • Dorsally there are two pairs of low rounded
    eminences,the superior and inferior colliculi
    Midbrain
    • The superior colliculus contains cells
    concerned with general light reflexes The
    superior colliculus receives input impulses
    from the retina
    • while the inferior colliculus is concerned with
    the sound reflexes. the inferior colliculus
    receives from the cochlea
    • and then they project to the motor nuclei of
    cranial and spinal nerves for reflex
    movements of the eyes,head,body and limbs
    toward or away from the light or sound
    stimuli
    Pons
    • Large transverse mass
    between the midbrain
    above and medulla
    oblongata below.
    • The ventral surface of pons
    shows midline shallow
    groove with a bulge on each
    side due to the underlying
    mass of pontine nuclei.
    Medulla oblongata

    • Lies between the pons and the


    spinal cord and it extends through
    the foramen magnum to the level of
    atlas .
    • Ventrally the upper part of medulla
    is deeply grooved in the midline
    with a bold convexity on either side
    forming the pyramid due to the
    contained corticospinal tract
    • lateral to the pyramid is another
    convexity called the olive,due to the
    underlying inferior olivary nucleus .
    • The 6th,7th,and 8th cranial nerves
    emerge between the pons and
    medulla …facial nerve between
    the pons and pyramid .
    • The rootlets of the 9th ,10th,and
    cranial part of the 11th nerve
    emerge lateral to the olive
    • While the 12th cranial nerve
    rootlets emerge between
    pyramid and olive.
    Reticular formation
    • Irrigular mass of cells and fibers
    occupying much of the area between the
    inferior olivary nucleus and the floor of
    the fourth ventricle ,it is intermingled
    with other cell groups and tracts .
    • Reticular formation is anatomically
    non demonstrable as distinct nuclei.
    • Functionally associated with
    vasoconstrictor,cardiopressor,cardioacce
    lerator, inspiratory and expiratory
    effects.
    • The brain stem reticular formation
    responsible for the “alert” or
    “wakeful”status of conciousness.
    • It has many central connections that may
    affect or regulate many functions with
    thalamus ,hypothalamus and cerebral
    cortex.

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