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    History Chapter 3

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    Raj
    The document summarizes key aspects of the ancient Harappan civilization in South Asia, one of the earliest known urban cultures. It describes Harappa as an archaeological site in Pakistan that was damaged under British rule. It notes that the Harappan civilization constructed major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, and sites contained structures like the Great Bath. The civilization grew crops, raised livestock, and used irrigation. Major Harappan towns in Gujarat included Dholavira and Lothal. Seals were used for trade and administration. Around 3900 years ago many cities were suddenly abandoned, and scholars have debated the causes for the disappearance of the Harappan civilization.

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    History Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    Raj
    28 views9 pages
    The document summarizes key aspects of the ancient Harappan civilization in South Asia, one of the earliest known urban cultures. It describes Harappa as an archaeological site in Pakistan that was damaged under British rule. It notes that the Harappan civilization constructed major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, and sites contained structures like the Great Bath. The civilization grew crops, raised livestock, and used irrigation. Major Harappan towns in Gujarat included Dholavira and Lothal. Seals were used for trade and administration. Around 3900 years ago many cities were suddenly abandoned, and scholars have debated the causes for the disappearance of the Harappan civilization.

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    The document summarizes key aspects of the ancient Harappan civilization in South Asia, one of the earliest known urban cultures. It describes Harappa as an archaeological site in Pakistan that was damaged under British rule. It notes that the Harappan civilization constructed major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, and sites contained structures like the Great Bath. The civilization grew crops, raised livestock, and used irrigation. Major Harappan towns in Gujarat included Dholavira and Lothal. Seals were used for trade and administration. Around 3900 years ago many cities were suddenly abandoned, and scholars have debated the causes for the disappearance of the Harappan civilization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    28 views9 pages

    History Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    Raj
    The document summarizes key aspects of the ancient Harappan civilization in South Asia, one of the earliest known urban cultures. It describes Harappa as an archaeological site in Pakistan that was damaged under British rule. It notes that the Harappan civilization constructed major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, and sites contained structures like the Great Bath. The civilization grew crops, raised livestock, and used irrigation. Major Harappan towns in Gujarat included Dholavira and Lothal. Seals were used for trade and administration. Around 3900 years ago many cities were suddenly abandoned, and scholars have debated the causes for the disappearance of the Harappan civilization.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    IN THE EARLIEST CITIES

    HISTORY
    HARAPPA
    • Harappa is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan.
    • The ancient city of Harappa was heavily damaged under British
    rule, when bricks from the ruins were used as track ballast in the
    construction of the Lahore–Multan Railway.
    HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION

     Harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian


    subcontinent. 
     All the earliest cities that were found after Harappa such as Mohenjo Daro were
    told or said to be a part of Harappan Civilisation.
    GREAT BATH
     The Great Bath is one of the well-known structures among the
    ruins of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization at Mohenjo-Daro in
    Sindh, Pakistan. Archaeological evidence indicates that the Great
    Bath was built in the 3rd millennium BCE, soon after the raising
    of the "citadel" mound on which it is located.
    FOOD FOR PEOPLE IN THE
    CITY
     The Harappans grew wheat, barley, pulses, peas, rice, sesame,
    linseed and mustard. As this region does not receive heavy
    rainfall, some form of irrigation may have been used. This means
    that water was stored and supplied to the fields when the plants
    were growing. The Harappans also reared cattle, sheep, goat and
    buffalo. They also collected fruits like ber, caught fish and hunted
    wild animals like the antelope.
    HARAPPAN TOWNS IN GUJARAT
     The city of Dholavira was located on Khadir Beyt (also spelled as
    Bet) in the Rann of Kutch, where there was fresh water and fertile
    soil.
     The city of Lothal stood beside a tributary of the Sabarmati, in
    Gujarat, close to the Gulf of Khambat. It was situated near areas
    where raw materials such as semi-precious stones were easily
    available.
    SEALS AND SEALINGS
     Seals are used to stamp bags or packets containing goods that are
    sent from one place to another. After a bag was closed or tied, a
    layer of wet clay was applied on the knot, and the seal was
    pressed on it. The impression of the seal is known as a sealing. If
    the sealing was intact, one could be sure that the goods had
    arrived safely. Seals are used even today.
    MYSTERY OF THE END
     Around 3900 years ago we find the beginning of a major change.
    People stopped living in many of the cities.
     There were many thoughts that came in the mind of scholars
    about the suddenly disappearing of the Harappan cities such as
    drying up of rivers, deforestation, flooding etc.
     The archaeologists found that the new cities emerged about 1400
    years ago.
    THE END

    THANK YOU

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