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Unit 1-Linear Equations, Inequalities and Systems LESSON-4-11

This document provides an overview of solving linear equations, inequalities, and systems. It begins with learning objectives which are to use properties of equality to solve basic linear equations, clear fractions from equations, set up and solve linear equations, identify and check solutions to linear inequalities, and express inequality solutions graphically and using interval notation. It then reviews prerequisite skills and provides examples of solving basic linear equations using properties of equality. The document also covers equivalent equations, linear inequalities, graphing inequalities on a number line and using interval notation, and properties of inequalities. It emphasizes important points about isolating variables when solving equations and handling inequalities.

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Jacqueline Tolentino Cabrido
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96 views18 pages

Unit 1-Linear Equations, Inequalities and Systems LESSON-4-11

This document provides an overview of solving linear equations, inequalities, and systems. It begins with learning objectives which are to use properties of equality to solve basic linear equations, clear fractions from equations, set up and solve linear equations, identify and check solutions to linear inequalities, and express inequality solutions graphically and using interval notation. It then reviews prerequisite skills and provides examples of solving basic linear equations using properties of equality. The document also covers equivalent equations, linear inequalities, graphing inequalities on a number line and using interval notation, and properties of inequalities. It emphasizes important points about isolating variables when solving equations and handling inequalities.

Uploaded by

Jacqueline Tolentino Cabrido
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT 1-LINEAR EQUATIONS,INEQUALITIES

AND SYSTEMS
LESSON-4-11
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• Use the properties of equality to solve basic linear


equations.
• Clear fractions from equations.
• Set up and solve linear equations.
• Identify linear inequalities and check solutions.
• Solve linear inequalities and express the solutions
graphically on a number line and in interval n
PREREQUISTE SKILLS

• Simplify 2−6(4−7)^2 without using a calculator.

• 2. Evaluate 6x−4 when x=−2 .

• 3. Evaluate −5x^2−x+9 when x=−3 .

• 4. Simplify 7x−1−4x+5 .
ANSWERS

1. 2−6(4−7)^2
• 2-6(-3)^2=2-6(9)=2-54 = -52
2. 6x−4 when x=−2 .
• 6(-2)-4= -12-4 = -16
3. −5x^2−x+9 when x=−3 .
• -5(-3)^2-3+9 = -5(9)-3+9 = -48+11= -33
4. 7x−1−4x+5
3x+4
SOLVING BASIC LINEAR EQUATION

• An equation is is a statement indicating that two algebraic


expressions are equal. A linear equation with one variable, x ,
is an equation that can be written in the standard form ax+b=0
where a and b are real numbers and a≠0 . For example
• 3x−12=0
• A solution to a linear equation is any value that can replace the
variable to produce a true statement. The variable in the linear
equation 3x−12=0 is x and the solution is x=4 . To verify
this, substitute the value 4 in for x and check that you obtain
a true statement.
• 3x−12=3(4)−12=12−12=0,0=0 ✓ it satisfy the equation.
SOLVING BASIC LINEAR EQUATION

• IF a=−1/2 a solution to −10a+5=25 ?


• when evaluating expressions, it is a good practice to
first replace all variables with parentheses, and then
substitute the appropriate values. By making use of
parentheses, we avoid some common errors when
working the order of operations.
• −10a+5 = 25
• −10(−1/2)+5 =25, 5+5 = 25,10≠25
• a=−1/2 does not satisfy the equation.
EQUIVALENT EQUATIONS

• Equivalent equations are equations with same


solution set.
• for example 3x-15 =16,3x = 21,x = 7 are equivalent
equations because for all the 3 your getting the
same answer as 7
• To obtain equivalent equations, use the following
properties of equality. Given algebraic expressions
A and B , where c is a nonzero number:
EQUIVALENT EQUATIONS

• Addition property of equality: If A=B , then A+c=B+c


• Subtraction property of equality: If A=B , then A−c−B−c
• Multiplication property of equality: If A=B , then cA=cB
• Division property of equality: If A=B , then A/c=B/c
• For Example solve 7x−2=19
• 7x−2+2=19+2 Add 2 to bothsides.
• 7x = 21
• 7x/7 = 21/7 Divide bothsides by 7.
• Answer: x = 3
LINEAR INEQUALITIES

• A linear inequality is a mathematical statement that


relates a linear expression as either less than or
greater than another.
• Example - 5x+7<22
• Are x=−4 and x=6 solutions to 5x+7<22 ?
• Substitute the values in for x , simplify, and check to
see if we obtain a true statement.
• 5(−4)+7<22 =−20+7<22 =−13<22✓
• 5(6)+7<22 = 30+7<22 = 37<22✗
• x=−4 is a solution and x=6 is not
INEQUALITIES,NUMBER LINES AND INTERVAL NOTATION

• The notation for inequalities on a number line and in interval


notation use the same symbols to express the endpoints of
intervals. Notice that ∞ and −∞ always use parentheses in
interval notation, never brackets.
EXAMPLES

• Graph each inequality on the number line and write in interval


notation.
1. x≥−3
Shade to the
rightof −3 , and put a bracket at −3
2. x<2.5
Shade to the left of 2.5 and put a parenthesis at 2.5
3.x≤−3/5
Shade to the left of −3/5 , and put a bracket at −3/5 .
SOLVING LINEAR INEQUALITIES

• Solve and graph the solution set: 5x+7<22 .


• 5x+7<22
• 5x+7-7<22-7 SUBSTRACT BOTH SIDES BY -7
• 5x<15
• 5x/5<15/5 DIVIDE BOTH SIDES BY 5
• x<3

--- CONT
SOLVING LINEAR INEQUALITIES
-cont
--

• Choose a few values in and out of the solution set, substitute them
into the original inequality, and then verify the results.
•Check x = 0
•5(0)+7<22= 7<22✓
•Check x = 5
•5(5)+7<22 = 25+7<22 = 32<22✗
•Checking in this manner gives us a good indication that we have
solved the inequality correctly.
•{x|x<3}- Set notation
•(−∞,3)-Interval notation
PROPERTIES OF INEQUALITIES

Addition property of inequalities: If A<B then, A+c<B+c


Subtraction property of inequalities: If A<B then, A−c<B−c
Multiplication property of inequalities:
If A<B , then cA<cB
If A<B , then −cA>−cB
Division property of inequalities:
If A<B , then Ac<Bc
If A<B , then A−c>B−c
where c is a positive nonzero real number,
EXAMPLES
• Solve and graph the solution set: −2(x+8)+6≥20 .
• −2(x+8)+6 ≥ 20
• -2x-16+6 ≥ 20 Distribute
• -2x-10 ≥ 20 Combine like terms
• -2x ≥ 30 Solve for x
• -2x/2 ≤ 30/2 Divide both sides by -2, Reverse the
inequality
• x ≤ 15
• Interval notation (−∞,  −15]
IMPORTANT POINTS TO SOLVE LINEAR EQUATIONS
• Solving general linear equations involves isolating the variable, with coefficient
1 , on one side of the equal sign. To do this, first use the appropriate equality
property of addition or subtraction to isolate the variable term on one side of
the equal sign. Next, isolate the variable using the equality property of
multiplication or division. Finally, check to verify that your solution solves the
original equation.
• If solving a linear equation leads to a true statement like 0=0 , then the
equation is an identity and the solution set consists of all real numbers, R .
• If solving a linear equation leads to a false statement like 0=5 , then the
equation is a contradiction and there is no solution, Ø .
• Clear fractions by multiplying both sides of an equation by the least common
multiple of all the denominators. Distribute and multiply all terms by the LCD to
obtain an equivalent equation with integer coefficients.
IMPORTANT POINTS TO SOLVE LINEAR
EQUATIONS
• Simplify the process of solving real-world problems by creating
mathematical models that describe the relationship between
unknowns. Use algebra to solve the resulting equations.
• Inequalities typically have infinitely many solutions. The solutions
are presented graphically on a number line or using interval
notation or both.
• All but one of the rules for solving linear inequalities are the same
as solving linear equations. If you divide or multiply an inequality
by a negative number, reverse the inequality to obtain an
equivalent inequality.
THANKYOU

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