GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING

COLLEGE, KUSHALANAGARA
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

RAIN WATER HARVESTING

BY
KANAKAPPA
(4GL18CV013)
UNDR THE GUIDANCE OF
Dr.M P TEERTHANANDA
Professor
Department of civil engineering college
Kushalnagara
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2021-2022
 CONTENT
 Introduction
 What is Rainwater Harvesting?
 How to harvest Rain water
 Why is it Important?
 Objectives of Rainwater Harvesting
 Methods of Rainwater Harvesting
 When does RWHS work
 Components of the roof top rainwater harvesting
 Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting
 Disadvantages of Rainwater Harvesting
 Harvesting can begin today
 Conclusion
 References
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 Introduction
 Harvesting Rainwater for saving
drinking water has gained
enormously in significance as
modern water saving sanitary
technique.
 This can be used for private and
public buildings as well as for
many industrial areas.
 Due to the storage (retention)
and the usage of rainwater the
water flowing off housing estates
in both reduced and delayed. 

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 What is Rainwater Harvesting?
Rain
 water harvesting is simply collecting, storing and
purifying the naturally soft and pure rain fall that falls
upon your roof.
Rainwater may be utilized for both potable and
nonportable requirements such as….
1..Drinking ,cooking and Bathing(potable water)
2.Swimming fool
3.Toilet flushing
4.Laundary
5.Landscape and irrigation
6.Livestock and Animals
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 Water is our most precious natural resource and
something that most of us take for granted.

 We are now increasingly becoming aware of

the importance of water to our survival and its
limited supply, especially in such a dry
continent as Australia.

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How To Harvest Rain Water?
 The six basic components of a rain water
harvesting system include
 1.Catchment:Roof surface to collect rain.
 2.Conveyance:Pipes from roof area to storage.
 3.Roof Washing:µFirst flush diverter to filter and
remove contaminants.
 4.Storage:Tanks where collected rain water is
collected and stored.
 5.Purification:Includes artificial filters, sand
filters to remove suspended impurities
 6.Distribution:System that delivers the rain
water, usually including small pump and pressure
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tank.
Fig-1:Rain water harvesting

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Why is it Important?

 The harvesting of rainwater simply involves

the collection of water from surfaces on which
rain falls, and subsequently storing this water
for later use.
 Normally water is collected from the roofs of
buildings and stored in rainwater tanks. This is
very common in rural Australia.
 Water can also be collected in dams from rain
falling on the ground and producing runoff.

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Objectives of Rainwater Harvesting

 To meet the increasing demand of water.

 To reduce the run-off which chokes the drains
 To avoid the flooding of roads.
 To raise the underground water table.
 To reduce groundwater pollution.
 To reduce soils erosion.
 Supplement domestic water needs.

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Methods of Rainwater Harvesting

Broadly there are two ways of harvesting rainwater.

 Surface runoff harvesting
 Roof top rainwater harvesting

Surface runoff harvesting

In urban area rainwater flows away as surface runoff.
This runoff could be caught and used for recharging
aquifers by adopting appropriate methods.

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Fig-2:Surface run off harvesting
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Roof Top rainwater harvesting

 Itis a system of catching rainwater where it falls. In roof

top harvesting, the roof becomes the catchments, and the
rainwater is collected from the roof of the
house/building. It can either be stored in a tank or
diverted to artificial recharge system.
 This method is less expensive and very effective and if
implemented properly helps in augmenting the ground
water level of the area.

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Fig-3:Roof top rain waterharvesting

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When Does RWHS Work?
Conditions Suitable for RWHS Conditions Unsuitable for RWHS

High mean annual rainfall with low Low mean annual rainfall with high
inter-annual variability inter-annual variability
Rainfall spread over large number Intense rainfall in few rainy days
of rainy days with little gap between two wet
spells
Hilly areas with scattered Plains with dense settlements
populations
Houses with large per capita roof . Houses with small per capita roof
area in cities Houses area like multi-storey apartments

The Dangs, Western Ghats Kachchh, Saurashtra

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Components of the roof top rainwater
harvesting

 The illustrative design of the basic components

of roof top rainwater harvesting system is
given in the typical schematic diagram.

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Sub Component

 Catchment
 Transportation
 First flush
 Filter

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Catchment

 The surface that receives rainfall directly is

the catchment of rainwater harvesting system.
It may be terrace, courtyard, or paved or
unpaved open ground.
 The terrace may be flat RCC/stone roof or
sloping roof. Therefore the catchment is the
area, which actually contributes rainwater to
the harvesting system.

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 Transportation

 Rainwater from rooftop should be carried

through down take water pipes or drains to
storage/harvesting system.
 Water pipes should be UV resistant (ISI
HDPE/PVC pipes) of required capacity.
 Water from sloping roofs could be caught
through gutters and down take pipe.

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First Flush
 First flush is a device used to flush off the
water received in first shower.
 The first shower of rains needs to be flushed-
off to avoid contaminating
storable/rechargeable water by the probable
contaminants of the atmosphere and the
catchment roof.
 It will also help in cleaning of silt and other
material deposited on roof during dry seasons
Provisions of first rain separator should be
made at outlet of each drainpipe.
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Filter

 There is always some skepticism regarding

Roof Top Rainwater harvesting since doubts
are raised that rainwater may contaminate
groundwater.
 There is remote possibility of this fear coming
true if proper filter mechanism is not adopted.

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Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting

 Easy to Maintain
 Reducing Water Bills
 Suitable for Irrigation
 Reduces Demand on Ground Water
 Reduces Floods and Soil Erosion
 Can be Used for Several Non-drinking Purposes
 Provides high quality water, soft and low in
minerals.

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Disadvantages of Rainwater Harvesting

 Unpredictable Rainfall
 Initial High Cost
 Regular Maintenance
 Certain Roof Types may Seep Chemicals or
Animal Droppings
 Storage Limits

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Harvesting can begin today

 Rainwater harvesting is something that

thousands of families across the world
participate in, and you could be the next to
enjoy the multitude of benefits offered with
rainwater harvesting.
 It is an easy, simple and worthwhile process,
so it is only in your best interest to take a look
at rainwater harvesting and its benefits to your
home.

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 conclusion
 Conservation of water.
 Since we cannot produce energy, but we can
save it by preventing wastage.
 In the same way we cannot produce water, but
save it protect our future.

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REFERENCES
 
 Rain Water Harvesting In India With Special
Reference To Urban Areas And The Chennai
Experience By Dr.Sekhar Raghavan Director,
Rain Centre 4, 3rd Trust Link Street,
Mandavelipakkam Tel.No.91 44 2461 6134 E
mail:[email protected]
 Managing Urban Stormwater: Harvesting and
reuse (PDF) (Report). Sydney, Australia: New
South Wales Department of Environment and
Conservation. 1 April 2006. ISBN 1-74137-875-
3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-
16. 25
Thank you

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