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    3 - Jar Test and Thickener Design

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    hadeer osman
    The document describes lab-scale jar tests used to optimize coagulation and flocculation processes. Jar tests involve adding a coagulant to a water sample, rapidly mixing to destabilize particles, slowly mixing to form flocs, and allowing the flocs to settle. The objectives are to optimize coagulant dose, pH, turbidity reduction, and settling rate. Thickener design involves sedimentation experiments to determine settling rates and draw sedimentation curves. The critical point and underflow time are used to calculate the required thickener area and diameter based on feed rate and initial solids concentration. Proper thickener sizing is important for wastewater treatment.

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    3 - Jar Test and Thickener Design

    Uploaded by

    hadeer osman
    138 views18 pages
    The document describes lab-scale jar tests used to optimize coagulation and flocculation processes. Jar tests involve adding a coagulant to a water sample, rapidly mixing to destabilize particles, slowly mixing to form flocs, and allowing the flocs to settle. The objectives are to optimize coagulant dose, pH, turbidity reduction, and settling rate. Thickener design involves sedimentation experiments to determine settling rates and draw sedimentation curves. The critical point and underflow time are used to calculate the required thickener area and diameter based on feed rate and initial solids concentration. Proper thickener sizing is important for wastewater treatment.

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    The document describes lab-scale jar tests used to optimize coagulation and flocculation processes. Jar tests involve adding a coagulant to a water sample, rapidly mixing to destabilize particles, slowly mixing to form flocs, and allowing the flocs to settle. The objectives are to optimize coagulant dose, pH, turbidity reduction, and settling rate. Thickener design involves sedimentation experiments to determine settling rates and draw sedimentation curves. The critical point and underflow time are used to calculate the required thickener area and diameter based on feed rate and initial solids concentration. Proper thickener sizing is important for wastewater treatment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    138 views18 pages

    3 - Jar Test and Thickener Design

    Uploaded by

    hadeer osman
    The document describes lab-scale jar tests used to optimize coagulation and flocculation processes. Jar tests involve adding a coagulant to a water sample, rapidly mixing to destabilize particles, slowly mixing to form flocs, and allowing the flocs to settle. The objectives are to optimize coagulant dose, pH, turbidity reduction, and settling rate. Thickener design involves sedimentation experiments to determine settling rates and draw sedimentation curves. The critical point and underflow time are used to calculate the required thickener area and diameter based on feed rate and initial solids concentration. Proper thickener sizing is important for wastewater treatment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Lab-Scale Coagulation and

    Flocculation Experiments
    &
    Thickener Design
    Jar Test
     The jar test is the most common laboratory
    coagulation/flocculation tests and consists of:
     placing a sample of the wastewater in a jar:
     rapidly adding the coagulant and intensely
     mixing the sample for a short time
    (coagulation/destabilization phase);
     allowing the floc to form under gentle mixing
    conditions (flocculation phase)
     allowing the floc to sediment in the quiescent sample
    (define specific settling time and rate)
     comparing the turbidity of the sample with the
    initial turbidity
    Jar Test Apparatus
    The Objectives of Jar Test
    Experiment
     Optimizing dosage and pH for efficient
    coagulation/flocculation
    The Objectives of Jar Test
    Experiment
     Optimizing turbidity and pH for efficient
    coagulation/flocculation
    The Objectives of Jar Test
    Experiment
     Optimizing turbidity and dose for efficient
    coagulation/flocculation
    The Objectives of Jar Test
    Experiment
     Furthermore,

     The intensity of the mixing


     The effect of the other counter-ions and co-ions
     The effect of the aquacomplex formation
     The settling rate of the suspension
     The final volume of the thickened/sedimented portion

     CAN BE OPTIMIZED depending on the technical


    requirements.
    Determination of Thickener Area
    Determination of Thickener Area
    THICKENER DESIGN
    1ST STEP: SEDIMENTATION EXPERIMENT
    IN LAB
    The rate of fall of the interface between
    the pulp and clarified solution being
    timed.
    THICKENER DESIGN
    1ST STEP: SEDIMENTATION EXPERIMENT
    IN LAB
    THICKENER DESIGN
    2ND STEP: DRAWING THE SEDIMENTATION
    CURVE
    MUDLINE HEIGHT VS TIME
    THICKENER DESIGN
    3RD STEP: FINDING CRITICAL POINT (c) & tU
    THICKENER DESIGN
    4TH STEP: CALCULATE THICKENER
    AREA & DIAMETER

    1- 2- Find tu and Calculate


    UNIT AREA for thickener from
    the previous sedimentation
    initial height and concentration curve.
    of suspension

    height and concentration


    of sediment at a given time (t)
    THICKENER DESIGN
    4TH STEP: CALCULATE THICKENER
    AREA & DIAMETER

    3- Calculate required total thickener area for the given capacity


    (feed rate)

    W : T/H
    A1 C0 : T/M3
    H0 : M
    Tu : H

    4- As an engineer, always include safety factor in such calculations!

    A2 = 1.2 X A1
    THICKENER DESIGN
    4TH STEP: CALCULATE THICKENER
    AREA & DIAMETER

    5 – Calculate the diameter of thickener from the area.


    W : T/H
    C0 : T/M3
    A1 H0 : M
    Tu : H

    From the calculated area,


    you can find the radius and the diameter of
    the thickener.
    PROBLEM
    CALCULATE THE REQUIRED UNIT THICKENER AREA FOR THE
    SUSPENSION WHICH CONTAINS 25% solids. (C0:0.1 T/M3)
    Why is the thickener design
    important ?

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