Human Factors in Aviation: P S Ganapathy Consultant (Flight Ops.) Jet Airways (India) LTD
Human Factors in Aviation: P S Ganapathy Consultant (Flight Ops.) Jet Airways (India) LTD
Human Factors in Aviation: P S Ganapathy Consultant (Flight Ops.) Jet Airways (India) LTD
P S Ganapathy
Consultant (Flight Ops.)
Jet Airways (India) Ltd.
Human Factors in Aviation
Background and Justification
Importance of Safety
Civil Aviation Safety Record
Causes of Accidents
What is Human Factor?
Benefits of Human Factor Training
AVIATION INDUSTRY
• Technology based
• Generates US$2,40,000
million revenue
• Continuously growing
• Aviation Psychology
• 56% OMISSIONS
• 8% INCORRECT PART
• 6% MISCELLANEOUS
THOUGHT PATTERNS
HAZARDOUS Replace ANTIDOTE
ATTITUDE With
• ANTI AUTHORITY:
– “Don’t tell me.” “Follow the rules. They are usually right.”
• IMPULSIVITY:
“Do something- quickly.” “Not so fast. Think first.”
• INVULNERABILITY:
“It won’t happen to me.” “It could happen to me.”
• MACHO:
“I can do it.” “Taking chances is foolish.”
• RESIGNATION:
“What’s the use?” “I’m not helpless. I can make a difference.”
WHAT ARE THE NEW TOOLS TO
PREVENT ACCIDENTS?
• Traditional reactive approach has to be replaced
by proactive approach to reduce human error.
• Encourage confidential non-punitive reporting
system
• Identify and eliminate adverse trends with the
effective use of DFDR to stop accidents before
they happen
• AUDIT OF THE SAFETY MATRIX
WHAT CAUSES ACTIVE FAILURES?
N E G L I G E N C E
14 + 5 + 7+ 12 + 9 + 7 + 5 + 14 + 3 + 5 =81
+ +
E G O
5 + 7+ 15 =27
+ +
I N C A P A C I T Y
9 + 14 + 3 + 1 + 16 + 1 + 3 + 9 + 20 + 25 =101
=209
leads to
HU MAN E R R O R
8+21+13+1+14+ 5+18+18+15+!8 =131
AC C I D E N T S +
1+3+3+9+4+5+14+20+19 =78
= 209
WHAT IS THE SOLUTION?
Confidential Reports
Surveys
STATISTICS
(PER MILLION DEPARTURES)
Country Accident Rate
Australia 0.2
USA & Canada 0.5
Europe 0.9
Middle East 2.3
Far East 2.6
South East 3.0
South America 5.7
Africa 13.0
THIS SHOWS “CULTURE” HAS AN INFLUENCE ON
AVIATION SAFETY
CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON
AVIATI0N SAFETY
• Attitude towards errors
• Visual Scan
Uncommunicative attitudes
Hierarchy
Body language conflicting with words
High workload
Different cultures
Different mother tongue
Noise, heat, cold
Stress
How to improve communication?
Crew members should
Introduce themselves
Use professional and friendly language
Expect and give feed back
Report anything you feel is a threat to safety
Captain should set the tone for cockpit-cabin
communication
Share general expectations and address flight
specific issues
LEADERSHIP QUALITIES
• Listening
• Emotional Stability
• Appreciation
• Decision Making
• Ethics
• Responsibility
• Sensitivity
• Humor
• Image
• Professional Competence
INTERPERSONNEL SKILLS
• Demonstrate openness to suggestions
and change
• Provide and accept feedback
• Ensure team members to freely state
opinion and participate in discussion
• Promote good relationship
• Makes the first contact a “ Magical’ ONE
PERSONALITY & ATTITUDE
R E A L P O W E R
(18+ 5 + 1 +12) + (16+ 15 +23+ 5+ 18) = 113
(36) + (77)
is
S Y N E R G Y
(19 + 25+14+ 5 + 18 + 7 +25 ) =113
TEAMWORK LEADS TO SAFETY
Develop
R E L A T I O N S
18+ 5+12+1+20+9+15+14+19 = 113
to create
S Y N E R G Y
19 +25+14+5+18+7+25 =113
leading to
N I L I N C I DE NT
(14+19+12) (9+14+3+9+4+5+14+20) =113
REMEMBER FOR TASK
ACHIEVEMENT
F L I GHT S AF ET Y
6+12+9+7+8+20 + 19+1+6+5+20+25 = 138
is a
J O I N T E F F O R T
10+15+9+14+20 + 5+6+6+15+18+20 = 138
ANSWER TO THE CHALLENGES OF AIR
SAFETY IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM
Attitude to be positive
Situational awareness
Willingness to learn
Excellent communication
Resource development