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Debre Tabor University: Faculty of Technology Department of Electromechanical Engineering

The document provides examples of manual NC part programming for lathe and milling machines. It discusses the different types of words used in part programming including G-codes, M-codes, and axis identifiers. Six examples are given showing the NC code for drilling holes, milling arcs and profiles, and turning operations. The examples illustrate the use of linear, circular and tool selection commands along with feed rates and spindle speeds.

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149 views25 pages

Debre Tabor University: Faculty of Technology Department of Electromechanical Engineering

The document provides examples of manual NC part programming for lathe and milling machines. It discusses the different types of words used in part programming including G-codes, M-codes, and axis identifiers. Six examples are given showing the NC code for drilling holes, milling arcs and profiles, and turning operations. The examples illustrate the use of linear, circular and tool selection commands along with feed rates and spindle speeds.

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BIRSH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DEBRE TABOR UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
Department of Electromechanical Engineering
Course Name: Machine Tools Design & Numerical control ( 5 )
Course Code: EMEg 5211
 By: Amanuel Mihiret
 2014 E.C./2022 G.C.
Chapter- 5: NC Manual Part Programming

Content of the Chapter: Major Objectives of the


1.Manual NC Part Chapter
 Know the part programing of
Programming
NC using G & M-code
Types of words in part
manually,
programming  Discus the use of G-code and
G-Codes M-code in NC part
M-Codes programming, &
2. Sample example on NC  Write NC part programming
part programming for lathe, mill and drilling
machines
5.1. Manual part programming

 Types of words in part programming: 8 types are:

1. N: sequence number prefix

2. G: preparatory words

Example: G-commands
G00 – Rapid positioning mode
G01 – Linear Interpolation mode
G02 – Circular motion/Interpolation clockwise (CW)
G03 – Circular motion/Interpolation counter clockwise (CCW)
Cont.

3. X, Y, Z - prefixes for x, y, and z-axes 4. F - feed rate prefix

5. S - spindle speed 6. T - tool selection

7. M - miscellaneous command 8. EOB - end of block

Example: miscellaneous commands


M00 – Programmed pause/stop
M01 – Optional program stop
M02 – End of program
Cont.

 Common Formats of a NC part programming block

Fig.5.1. General configuration of CNC


Cont.

 G-CODES

 G-codes: are preparatory functions that involve actual tool moves (for
example, control of the machine).

 These include rapid moves, feed moves, radial feed moves, dwells, and
roughing and profiling cycles.

 Most G-codes described here/below are modal, meaning that they remain
active until canceled by another code.
http://greenetool.com/troubleshooting-carbide-cutt
ing-tools/list-of-g-codes
/
 Common G-Code & M-Code Table
5.2. Sample Examples on Manual Part Programming

 Example:

1) Write a program to drill three


holes in a plate 15mm thick as shown
in fig.5.2 below, tape feed rate of
150mm per mint and a spindle speed
of 1400 RPM, drill diameter is
10mm. Fig.5.2. Example 1
Cont.

 Solution:

Given:
• 3-holes,
• t = 15mm,
• F = 150 mm/m
• S = 1400 RPM
• Drill Diameter = 10mm
Cont.

2) Write a program for the arc


shown in fig. 5.3, with reference
plane 25 mm, feed 50 mm/min,
speed 20 RPM, arc width 9mm,
depth of cut 11mm.

Fig.5.3. Example 2
Cont.

 Solution: N01 G92 X0 Y0 Z0;


N02 G00 X50 Y12.5 R25 M03 T01;
Given: N03 G01 Z-36 F50 S20;
• Arc, N04 M08;
• Plane thickens = N05 G02 X12.5 Y50.0 I0 J35.554;
25mm, N06 M09;
• F = 50 mm/m, N07 G00 X50.0 Y87.5;
• S = 20 RPM, N08 G01 Z-36.0 F50 S20;
• Arc width = 9mm N09 M08;
• Depth of cut= 11mm N10 G02 X87.5 Y50.0 I0 J35.554;
N11 M09;
N12 G00 R25.0 X0 Y0;
N13 M06;
N14 M30;
 Circular Interpolation (G02)

3) Write a CNC program to


milling of the work piece as
shown in fig. 5.4, the cutter
diameter 10mm width 10 mm,
thickness of plate 25mm, feed
350 mm /mint.

Fig.5.4. Example 3
Cont.

 Solution: N001 G92 X-80.0 Y0 Z0;


N002 G90;
Given: N003 G00 X80.0 Y0.0 Z0.0 T01 M03;
• Milling, N004 M08;
• Cutter diameter = 10 mm, N004 G01 X180.0 Y0.0 Z-10.0 F350 M03;
• F = 350 mm/m, N005 G01 X180.0 Y60.0;
• Let S = 100 RPM, N006 G01 X120.0 Y60.0;
• Width = 10 mm, N008 G02 X120.0 Y60.0 I-20.0 J0.0;
• Thickness = 25 mm N008 G01 X80.0 Y60.0;
N009 G01 X80.0 Y0.0;
N010 M09;
N011 M05;
N012 M30;
Cont.

4) Write the CNC program turning operation


for the given work-piece as shown in Fig. 5.5
below with raw material available is 20mm
diameter bar.

The orations involved are:

i. Facing

ii. Turn to 15mm diameter over 15mm length.

iii. Taper turning


Fig.5.5. Example 4
Cont.

 Solution:
N0010 G71 G90 G94 EOB;
N0020 T01 S1000 M03 EOB;
Given: N0030 G00 X-7.5 Z0.5 EOB;
• Facing, N0040 G01 X0.00 F200 EOB;
• Diameter = 20 mm, N0050 Z0.00 EOB;
• Let F = 200 mm/m, N0060 X-7.5.00 EOB;
• Let S = 1000 RPM, N0070 Z-15 EOB;
• Length= 35 mm, N0080 X -10.00 Z-20 EOB;
N0900 Z-35.00 EOB;
N0100 G00 X0.00 Z0.00 EOB;
N0110 M02 EOB;
Cont.

5) Write the CNC Milling


program for the given work-
piece shown in Fig. 5.6.

Fig.5.6. Example 5
Cont.

 Solution: N005 G71 G90 G94 EOB;


N010 G00 X-20.00 EOB;
N015 G00 Z-10.00 EOB;
N020 G01 G42 X0 Y0 F200 S1000 M03 EOB;
Given: N0025 G01 X80.00 EOB;
• Feed(F) = 65 mm/minute N0030 G01 X95.00 Y15.00 I0 J15.00 EOB;
• Speed (S) = 1000 rpm N0035 G01 Y50.00 EOB;
• Depth of cut = 10 mm N0040 G01 X15.00 EOB;
N0045 G01 X0 Y35.00 EOB;
N0055 G01 X0 Y0 EOB;
N0060 G40 EOB;
N0065 G00 X-20.00 Z20.00 EOB;
N0070 M02 EOB;
Cont.

6) Write the NC part program


for the following work-piece
shown in Fig. 5.7. Notice that
the origin position is (X,Y,Z)
= (0, -50,10)

Fig.5.7. Example 6
Cont.

 Solution:
N001 G21 G90 G92 X0 Y-50.0 Z10.0;
N002 G00 X70 Y30;
N003 G01 G95 Z-15.0 F0.05 S1000 M03;
N004 G01 Z10.0;
N005 G00 Y60.0;
Given: N006 G01 G95 Z-15.0 F0.05;
• F = 0.05 mm/min N007 G01 Z10.0;
• S = 1000 RPM
N008 G00 X120.0 Y30.0;
N009 G01 G95 Z-15.0 F0.05;
N010 G01 Z10.0;
N011 G00 X0 Y-50.0 Z10.0 M05;
N012 M30;
 Absolute coordinates (center) & radius in
absolute coordinates

6) Write the CNC part program for the following work-piece shown in Fig.
5.8. for milling.

Given:
• F = 150 mm/min
• S = 1000 RPM

Fig.5.8. Example 7
Cont.

 Solution: Center (Method-1)

 Calculating the points


needed to program the part:
Cont.

 Solution: Method-2
(using Radius of the arcs)

• Also we can write using


radius form with absolute
coordinate/ positioning
(G90) system;
Cont.

 Solution: Method-3 N10 G90 S1000 T2 D2 M3


N20 G0 G42 X0 Y0 Z5
(method-1 using N30 G94 G1 Z-5 F150
Incremental
Incremental Positioning) N40 G91 X120 F250 Positioning
N50 Y40
N60 G3 X-20 Y20 I-20 J0 Difference-1
• Using arc center form N70 G1 X-25.858 Difference-2
N80 G2 X-28.284 I-14.142 J-5
with Incremental Difference-3
N90 G1 X-25.858
Difference-4
coordinate/ positioning N100 G3 X-20 Y-20 I0 J-20
N110 G1 Y-40 Difference-5
(G90) system; N120 G90 G1 Z5 Difference-6
N130 G0 G40 X-30 Y-30 Z20 M30
Cont.

 Solution: Method-4 N10 G90 S1000 T2 D2 M3


N20 G0 G42 X0 Y0 Z5
(method-2 using N30 G94 G1 Z-5 F150
Incremental
Incremental Positioning) N40 G91 X120 F250 Positioning
N50 Y40
N60 G3 X-20 Y20 R20 Difference-1
• Using arc radius form N70 G1 X-25.858 Difference-2
N80 G2 X-28.282 R-15
with Incremental Difference-3
N90 G1 X-25.858
Difference-4
coordinate/ positioning N100 G3 X-20 Y-20 R20
N110 G1 Y-40 Difference-5
(G90) system; N120 G90 G1 Z5 Difference-6
N130 G0 G40 X-30 Y-30 Z20 M30
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