S O L I D

W A S T E

M A N A G E M E N T

MEENAKSHI
BARIK
EDMUNDIAN
ZEPHYR
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H E
S O L I D WA S T E
MANAGEMENT(SWM)
Solid Waste Management is a term that is used to
refer to the process of collecting and treating solid
wastes.  

L O
Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can
create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions
in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and
to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is,
diseases spread by rodents and insects. The tasks of

L
solid-waste management present complex technical
challenges. They also pose a wide variety of
administrative, economic, and social problems that
must be managed and solved.  

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CITY
MANAGEMENT

Shillong Municipal Board (SMB) is Shillong Municipal Board constituted under

responsible for management of solid the Meghalaya Municipal Act 1973, is
required to take up such works which are
wastes within the municipal boundaries
essential for provision of the civic services
of Shillong (10.26 sq. km) comprising and management of the city. Waste is
27 wards. The municipal area is managed by various authorities:-
subdivided into 5. The Cantonment • In Municipality by the Shillong
board manages the Cantonment. Municipal Board.
Outside the SMB and Cantonment area • In cantonment by the Shillong
Cantonment Board.
within the GSPA, the Autonomous
• In other census towns by the local
District Councils (ADC) and the Dorbar traditional institutions:
Shnongs play an important role in • Waste management is more
provision of civic services and in organised and institutionalized in
development works. Municipal and Cantonment Areas.

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 PRINCIPLES
SWM

The 7 R's: Refuse, Reduce, Repurpose,

Reuse, Recycle, Rot, Rethink.

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 COMPONENTS OF SWM

GENERATION STORAGE COLLECTION

Generation of solid waste is the stage Storage is a system for keeping materials Collection simply refers to how waste
at which materials become valueless to after they have been discarded and prior to is collected for transportation to the
the owner and since they have no use collection and final disposal. Where on-site final disposal site.
for them and require them no longer, disposal systems are implemented, such as
they wish to get rid of them. where people discard items directly into
family pits, storage may not be necessary.

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 COMPONENTS OF SWM

TRANSPORTATION DISPOSAL PROCESSING

This is the stage when solid waste is The final stage of solid waste The generated waste is processed
transported to the final disposal site. There management is safe disposal through separating the waste to
are various modes of transport which may where associated risks are categories and stored in different
be adapted and the chosen method depends minimised. colored bins for easy
upon local availability and the volume of identification.
waste to be transported.

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 D E C E N T R A L I S AT I O N
OF
SWM

Decentralised Solid waste management means treating of waste at

source in order to reduce the amount of waste produce at site. The
Shillong Cantonment Board has already written to Bethany
Society for sending the concept note on zero waste, and they have
sent us with a concept note on Zero Waste Management (Garbage
to Gold).

They are called the 'Merry Maidens' of Shillong with a twist. These
28 ladies, who were previously working as rag pickers, were
trained under a special program by the Shillong Mission Board .
They segregate the organic wastes and turn them into composites
using garbage to gold granules micro-organisms, which they sell
under Swachh Bharat Mission.

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 S E G R E G AT I O N

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

 Every generator of solid waste shall separate the waste at source of waste
generation into following six categories and shall store separately, without
mixing for delivery in authorized private/public receptacles
1. Biodegradable (wet) waste
2. Specified household Hazardous waste
3. Bio medical waste
4. Construction and demolition waste
5. Bulk garden and horticulture waste including tree trimmings and
6. All other non-biodegradable(dry) waste including recyclable and nonrecyclable
waste
 All dry waste shall be stored in the Blue colored bins and all wet waste shall be
stored in the Green colored Bins to enable safe and easy collection without any
manual handling or spillage of waste.
 It shall be the duty off every generator of solid waste either owner or occupier
of every land and building to collect or cause to be collected from their
respective land and building, the segregated waste and to store and deliver the
same to either municipal worker or vehicle deployed by Municipality for the
purpose.

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COLLECTION

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

Collection of waste shall be the responsibility of the Local Authority

i.e., Municipality in municipal area and local traditional institutions
in association with the District Council and with technical support
from Agencies of Department of Urban Affairs or any agency
authorized outside the Municipal Area. This is to ensure that the
areas under their jurisdiction are kept clean and free of waste and for
which appropriate mechanism, adequate machineries, vehicles and
manpower resources shall be provided by respective
institutions/agencies.

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 T R A N S P O R T AT I O N

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

Transportation of solid waste from source to the processing and

disposal centre/site shall be the responsibility of the Local
Authority or its authorized agents. All vehicles for transportation
of waste shall be covered to avoid any scattering of waste during
movement and the waste should not be visible to the public. The
routing plan and timings for the movement of the vehicle shall be
fixed by the Local Authority from time to time.

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 RECOVERY & RECYCLING: This process takes useful but
discarded items for further use. Theses items are processed and cleaned
before they are recycled.

SEPARATION OF WASTE AT SOURCE: Waste separation, when

done manually at the household level, ensures minimisation of
processing as the separation is already done. Hand separation was the
first method used in the history of waste sorting. When we sort and
store waste separately, we retain the value and pass on the benefits of
that to the recyclers and workers.

SANITARY LANDFILL: The more popular solid waste disposal

method used. Garbage is basically spread out in thin layers,
compressed and covered with soil or foam. They are managed
efficiently and can be implemented at lower levels too.
TECHNICAL ASPECTS
OF PROCESSING AND INCINERATION: This method involves the burning of solid waste at
IMPLEMENTATION high temperatures until the wastes are turned into ashes. This reduces
the waste volume upto 20-30%of the original volume.

SWM Effective segregation of waste means that les waste goes to landfill
which makes it cheaper and better for people and the environment.

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BENEFITS I M PA C T S

 Health Benefits.
 Pollution of air/water/soil.
 Employment.
 Chock drains
 Environmental benefits.
 Harmful to animal life.
 Increase the property value.
 Respiratory & Neurological impacts.
 Improve tourist revenue.
 Risk of young heart attacks.

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 Citizens play a significant role in solid waste management. They
have a greater responsibility to ensure the cleanliness in their
surroundings. The government has launched ‘Swachh Bharat
Abhiyan’ campaign to solve sanitation related problems and waste
management in order to ensure hygiene across India. Citizens
must follow the seven principles (7 R’s) of solid waste management
to reduce wastes as mentioned below:
Refuse: Citizens must refuse the buying of over-packaged products.
Reduce: Citizens must initiate reducing the waste at homes.
Rethink: Citizens must rethink before buying any product as
CITIZEN unnecessarily buying of useless products can lead to land and
water pollution.
PA R T I C I PAT I O N Repurpose: Repurposing or up-cycling mainly helps in reducing
the waste.
IN Reuse: Recycling must be promoted to reuse the discarded items
and reduce the waste thus saving energy, cost and time.
Recycle: Before disposing of any material that can’t be reduced or
SWM re-used, citizens must recycle it in order to decrease the waste.
Rot: Composting recycles the food waste into the nutrient-dense
soil. The process transforms the biodegradable waste into the
fertilizers.

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P L A N N I N G A N D I M P L E M E N T AT I O N
 Implementing the usage of 7 R’s in every citizen’s daily lives.
 Segregation of waste at the prelim stage which begins from the source.
 Reducing and processing waste at household levels.
 Recycling and promoting the use of waste for making valuable and
resuable products.
 Arranging awareness at door to door for the people to understand the
benefits of SWM.
 Effective separation of waste at household levels.
 Producing energy from the waste and using it in stores and malls.
 Extracting maximum practical benefits from products and generating
minimum amount of waste.
 Promoting usage of waste to something useful usage of humans, eg:
Doormats from old T-shirts and saares.

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C I T AT I O N S
https://www.meghalaya.gov.in/sites/default/files/circulars/final_SWM_guidelines.pdf

http://smb.gov.in/

http://cleanshillong.nic.in/khadc.html

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 B
TH ANK
Y
YOU .

E
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